fertile frond |
< spore leaf, sporophyll |
STRUCTURE |
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A frond that bears sporangia; in Polypodiophyta. See also sterile frond (trophophyll). |
keel 2 |
= carina |
STRUCTURE |
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Collectively, the two relatively small, connate or coherent, abaxial (lower) petals that form the keel-like portion of a papilionaceous corolla. |
taproot |
< primary root |
STRUCTURE |
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A primary root that remains dominant through the life of the plant as the main axis of a vertically oriented system that penetrates the substrate to a considerable depth. |
ligule 4 |
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STRUCTURE |
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The distal, relatively flat portion of the zygomorphic corolla of a ligulate floret, terminating in 5 teeth or lobes; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
corolla tube 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A relatively narrow, fully connate portion of a sympetalous (gamopetalous) corolla proximal to a broader portion (limb) that comprises the distinct or connate distal portions of the petals; except in bisexual or staminate disc florets of Asteraceae (Compositae). |
corolla tube 2 |
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STRUCTURE |
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The portion of the corolla of a bisexual or staminate disc floret proximal to the level of filament insertion; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
vascular bundle |
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STRUCTURE |
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A discrete strand of conducting tissues (xylem, phloem) and associated cells (e.g., cambium) within a stem or other axial structure. |
bulb |
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STRUCTURE |
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A thickened underground perennating structure consisting of a stem with numerous closely proximate nodes bearing many tightly imbricate, thickened, often fleshy, foliaceous organs containing large amounts of stored food, usually in the form of starch; the whole usually enveloped and protected by imbricated scarious or fibrous foliaceous organs. |
arista pl. aristae |
= awn, bristle, seta |
STRUCTURE |
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A slender, more or less straight and stiff, fine-pointed, terminal or subterminal appendage or prolongation, sometimes a continuation of the bearing structure's central primary vein, as on a glume, lemma, or palea in Poaceae (Gramineae). |
nucellus pl. nucelli |
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STRUCTURE |
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The distinct, genetically diploid tissue layer immediately surrounding the embryo sac of an ovule; often considered equivalent to a megasporangium wall. |
cucullus pl. cuculli |
= hood |
STRUCTURE |
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A cucullate (cuculliform) structure or component, esp. in an inflorescence or flower. |
palet 2 |
= pale, palea |
STRUCTURE |
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The upper or distal of the (usually) two distinctive bracts immediately subtending the flower in a grass (Poaceae) spikelet. |
apiculum 2 pl. apicula |
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STRUCTURE |
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The apex of a connective, when prolonged above the union of the anthers. |
flange |
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STRUCTURE |
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A relatively broad, circumferential rim or ridge that protrudes laterally. |
lamina 2 pl. laminae |
= ray |
STRUCTURE |
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The distal, relatively flat portion of the zygomorphic corolla of a ray floret, terminating in 0--4 teeth or lobes; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
sapwood |
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STRUCTURE |
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That portion of the wood (xylem) of a stem or root whose cells are still living and functional; concentric about the heartwood once the latter has begun to form. |
auricle |
= ear |
STRUCTURE |
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A small, rounded, lateral lobe at the base of a laminar structure, lying in more or less the same plane as the remainder of the lamina. |
plumule |
= epicotyl |
STRUCTURE |
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A distinguishable nascent shoot developed in the embryo in some taxa, consisting of a shoot axis with unexpanded internodes and one or more leaf primordia, being that portion of the embryo above the level of cotyledon insertion; the primordial shoot, when developed by the embryo within a seed; the first bud of a spermatophyte, when developed by an embryo within the seed. In other taxa the shoot is represented in the embryo only by a quiescent apical meristem at the summit of the embryonic axis. |
corona pl. coronae, coronas |
> gynostegium |
STRUCTURE |
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A crown-like set of connate or distinct appendages or enations borne upon a corolla or androecium or between them. |
trophophyll |
= sterile frond |
STRUCTURE |
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A frond that does not bear sporangia; in Polypodiophyta. See also fertile frond. |
stomate |
= stomatal apparatus, stoma (broad sense) |
STRUCTURE |
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A localized functional epidermal unit consisting of a microscopic pore and two encircling specialized cells, the guard cells, which, through changes of turgor pressure in response to environmental conditions, regulate the size of the pore and thus the rates of transpiration and gas exchange through it; the whole surrounded or not by associated, cytologically distinctive epidermal cells, the subsidiary or accessory cells, which, when present, are regularly oriented in relation to it. |
mesocarp |
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STRUCTURE |
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The middle tissue layer of the pericarp of a fruit. |
vasculature |
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STRUCTURE |
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The vascular strands of all orders (veins and veinlets) in a particular part or organ, regarded collectively; consisting of conducting tissues (xylem, phloem) and associated supporting and enclosing tissues (e.g., sclerenchyma, collenchyma). |
bulbel |
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STRUCTURE |
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A comparatively small bulb branching laterally from a larger, currently primary one. |
torus 1 pl. tori |
= receptacle |
STRUCTURE |
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The relatively short, simple, axial structure surmounting a pedicel and basal to the flower, usually broader than the pedicel. |