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node |
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STRUCTURE |
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One of the evident sectors of a stem that occur sequentially along its length and from which leaves (megaphylls) and lateral branches arise exogenously. The anatomy of nodes differs from, but is not abruptly distinct longitudinally from, that of the intervening sectors (internodes), with which it is smoothly confluent and from which is distinguished by the lateral transit and egress of vascular traces interconnecting the stem and the leaves and branches that it bears. |
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pinnule |
< leaflet |
STRUCTURE |
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A second- or higher-order division or leaflet of a pinnate frond; a division of a pinna; in Polypodiophyta. |
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calyptra pl. calyptrae |
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STRUCTURE |
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A distal hood- or lid-like portion that detaches as a unit from the remainder of the structure; esp. in some Papaveraceae the unopened calyx that separates from the rest of the flower at anthesis. |
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male cone |
= microstrobilus |
STRUCTURE |
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A cone (strobilus) whose fertile organs are all microsporophylls. |
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cilium 2 pl. cilia |
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STRUCTURE |
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A motile hair- or whip-like structure extending from the surface of a cell. |
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tertiary vein |
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STRUCTURE |
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A strand belonging to the third order of vasculature in a leaf or other basically laminar structure, except when that is the ultimate order (consisting of veinlets); branching from a primary or secondary vein. See also costa, lateral vein, primary vein, rib, secondary vein, veinlet. |
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tuft |
> coma |
STRUCTURE |
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A distinct, compact, relatively dense, homogeneous aggregation of plants or constituent structures such as stems, branches, leaves, bracts or trichomes. |
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arillode |
< aril (broad sense) |
STRUCTURE |
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A "false" aril; an appendicular structure that wholly or partly envelops a seed and is produced from or a modification of the outer integument or (in some Pinophyta) a subtending involucre, but not from the funicle or raphe, and thus is not ontogenetically derived from the placenta; usually fleshy or pulpy, sometimes spongy or tufted-capillate, often brightly colored. |
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style |
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STRUCTURE |
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A narrow, usually elongate, ontogenetically distal portion of a simple or compound pistil, overtopping the ovary and bearing one or more stigmas; arising from the summit of the ovary, but sometimes apparently from its base at maturity to ontogenetic displacement from its primordial distal position. In a compound pistil the various simple (carpellary) components of the style(s) may not be connate over their entire lengths; the pistil is then regarded as having a branched style or styles. |
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vesicle |
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STRUCTURE |
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A small bladder-like part consisting of an enclosing wall or covering and an empty or fluid-filled interior, sometimes turgid; esp. in citrus fruits (hesperidia). |
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bract 1 (broad sense) |
> bracteole, bractlet, phyllary, prophyll(um); >< scale |
STRUCTURE |
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Any lateral structure ontogenetically and anatomically analogous with, and therefore presumably homologous with, but relatively smaller than, a leaf, especially when subtending an inflorescence, other reproductive structure, or portion thereof; putatively, an evolutionarily reduced leaf. |
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stipel |
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STRUCTURE |
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A stipular analogue subtending a leaflet. |
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megaspore |
= macrospore (not recommended) |
STRUCTURE |
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A female spore; a spore of the larger of two types produced by the sporophytes of a heterosporous taxon; produced in a megasporangium; giving rise upon germination to a megagametophyte. |
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carpel |
< macrosporophyll (not recommended), megasporophyll, pistil |
STRUCTURE |
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A more or less abstract unit of floral structure conceptually equivalent to a simple pistil or its putative evolutionary precursor (megasporophyll) or derivative (constituent of compound pistil); often regarded as the basic evolutionary unit of the gynoecium. |
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gemma pl. gemmae |
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STRUCTURE |
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A vegetative propagule by which a gametophyte reproduces asexually; produced by a process analogous to budding, from a more or less cupulate specialized area (gemmae cup) on the surface of the plant body (thallus); in Psilotophyta, Lycopodiophyta, Equisetophyta, Polypodiophyta. |
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epicalyx pl. epicalyces |
= calyculus |
STRUCTURE |
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A whorl of bracts immediately subtending (beneath or outside) a calyx. |
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rhachilla |
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STRUCTURE |
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See rachilla. |
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xylem |
= wood |
STRUCTURE |
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The water-conducting and usually main supporting tissue of a plant or portion thereof, characterized by the presence of tracheary elements (tracheids and sometimes vessel elements); the lignified tissue of a plant or component structure, composed almost entirely of secondary tissue, i.e., that derived by secondary or lateral growth from a cambium in structures a season or more old. See also sapwood, heartwood. |
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heartwood |
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STRUCTURE |
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The senescent inner or central portion of the wood (xylem) of an older stem or root, its cells no longer living, in which conduction has ceased and primary reserve materials are no longer stored; often containing terminal metabolic products; usually darker in color than the living, conducting sapwood that encircles it. |
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pistil |
> carpel |
STRUCTURE |
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Any simple or compound, discrete or histologically distinct, female (ovule-producing) floral structure, or any putatively homologous sterile structure; comprising an ovary and one or more stigmas borne either directly upon the ovary or upon one or more intervening styles. See also gynoecium. |
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leaf 1 pl. leaves |
= frond, macrophyll (not recommended), megaphyll; > frond, needle |
STRUCTURE |
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A principal, vegetative shoot organ borne laterally from a stem node; its vascular tissues, if any, continuous with those of the stem; undergoing no significant secondary growth; usually more or less bilaterally symmetrical; comprising a distal, usually laminar blade and/or a proximal stalk (petiole) or sheath; usually a primary site of photosynthesis. |
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mamilla pl. mamillae |
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STRUCTURE |
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A nipple- or teat-shaped protrusion. |
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funicle |
= funiculus; < stalk |
STRUCTURE |
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A stalk that attaches an ovule to a placenta of the ovary wall. |
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arillus pl. arilli |
= aril (strict sense); < aril (broad sense) |
STRUCTURE |
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An appendicular structure that wholly or partly envelops a seed and is an outgrowth from the funicle or raphe, and thus is ontogenetically derived from the placenta; usually fleshy or pulpy, sometimes spongy or tufted-capillate, often brightly colored. |
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septum pl. septa |
> dissepiment, replum, trabecula |
STRUCTURE |
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A topologically and/or texturally distinct wall or partition that separates chambers or locules within an ovary, fruit or sporangium. |
