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funicle |
= funiculus; < stalk |
STRUCTURE |
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A stalk that attaches an ovule to a placenta of the ovary wall. |
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spore |
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STRUCTURE |
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A simple, usually unicellular, sometimes oligocellular propagule derived by meiotic division of a diploid (2n chromosomes) sporocyte within a sporangium, thus of haploid (n chromosomes) genetic constitution. A spore constitutes the first ontogenetic stage of a gametophytic generation and gives rise to a usually multicellular gametophyte upon germination. Though technically present in seed-bearing plants, by itself it is descriptively significant only in those taxa that do not produce seeds. |
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pale 2 |
= palea, palet |
STRUCTURE |
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The upper or distal of the (usually) two distinctive bracts immediately subtending the flower in a grass (Poaceae) spikelet. |
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banner |
= standard, vexillum |
STRUCTURE |
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The relatively large, erect adaxial (upper) petal in a papilionaceous corolla. |
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midnerve |
= midrib, midvein; < costa, nerve, rib, vein |
STRUCTURE |
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A primary vein that runs longitudinally through the center of a leaf or other basically laminar structure. See also lateral vein, secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
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coma pl. comae, comas |
< tuft |
STRUCTURE |
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A prominent single tuft of relatively long and slender, flexible, capillate trichomes; esp. from a seed, as in Asclepias (Asclepiadaceae). |
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sapwood |
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STRUCTURE |
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That portion of the wood (xylem) of a stem or root whose cells are still living and functional; concentric about the heartwood once the latter has begun to form. |
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limb 2 |
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STRUCTURE |
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The portion of the corolla of a bisexual or staminate disc floret distal to the level of filament insertion; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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stone |
= pyrene |
STRUCTURE |
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The hard inner portion of a drupe, consisting of osseous endocarp and included seed. |
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pitcher |
= ascidium, pitcher blade |
STRUCTURE |
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A pitcher-shaped (ascidiform) leaf blade, sometimes lidded (operculate), usually carnivorous; esp. in Nepenthaceae, Sarraceniaceae. |
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chaff 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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Collectively, the paleae (pales, palets) sometimes borne on the receptacle of a capitulum (head) in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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connective |
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STRUCTURE |
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The tissue between and joining the laterally opposed thecae of an anther, connecting them with the distal end of the staminal filament when the latter is present. |
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tuber |
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STRUCTURE |
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An enlarged, basically subterranean stem segment or thallus outgrowth containing a high proportion of storage tissue and functioning as a perennating and often vegetatively propagative structure. |
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infructescence 2 (not recommended) |
= coenocarp, multiple fruit, syncarp; > fig, syconium |
STRUCTURE |
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A compound fruit derived from the connate or coherent ovaries and accessory tissue(s), if any, of two or more adjacent flowers. |
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bulblet |
= bulbil |
STRUCTURE |
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A small bulb-like structure produced from a sterile or fertile plant structure other than a bulb, usually within a leaf axil, leaf sinus, or inflorescence, serving as a vegetative propagule. |
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culm |
< cane, stem |
STRUCTURE |
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A stem of a sedge (Cyperaceae) or grass (Poaceae), usually hollow. Use of this term or cane instead of stem is a matter of tradition and preference, not of descriptive precision or necessity. |
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spore body |
= sporocarp |
STRUCTURE |
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A multicellular structure that bears and more or less encloses several to (usually) many sporangia, the latter often aggregated into sori within it See also megasporocarp (macrosporocarp, not recommended), microsporocarp. |
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palea 1 pl. paleae, paleas |
= pale, palet, receptacular bract |
STRUCTURE |
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A small papery (chartaceous) to membranous bract borne on the compound receptacle (torus) of a capitulum (head) in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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accessory cell |
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STRUCTURE |
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One of the cytologically distinctive epidermal cells that are sometimes present in a stomate and that surround and are regularly oriented in relation to the guard cells. |
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anther |
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STRUCTURE |
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The fertile, loculate, pollen-bearing portion of a stamen, containing one, two, or four thecae (pollen sacs), when that portion is differentiated from and borne at the summit of a narrower supporting stalk (filament), or when such differentiation is deemed to have occurred in the evolutionary past with subsequent reduction of the filament (the anther then sessile and constituting the entirety of the stamen). |
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barb 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any relatively short, stiff, sharp, acutely inserted or bent, antrorse or retrorse, terminal or lateral appendage. |
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midrib |
= midnerve, midvein; < costa, nerve, rib, vein |
STRUCTURE |
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A primary vein that runs longitudinally through the center of a leaf or other basically laminar structure. See also lateral vein, secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
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vesicle |
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STRUCTURE |
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A small bladder-like part consisting of an enclosing wall or covering and an empty or fluid-filled interior, sometimes turgid; esp. in citrus fruits (hesperidia). |
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nodule |
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STRUCTURE |
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A small nodiform (gongylodate, gongyloid, knob-shaped, knot-shaped) segment or protrusion; esp. in roots of Fabaceae (Leguminosae) and harboring nitrogen-fixing bacteria. |
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xylem |
= wood |
STRUCTURE |
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The water-conducting and usually main supporting tissue of a plant or portion thereof, characterized by the presence of tracheary elements (tracheids and sometimes vessel elements); the lignified tissue of a plant or component structure, composed almost entirely of secondary tissue, i.e., that derived by secondary or lateral growth from a cambium in structures a season or more old. See also sapwood, heartwood. |
