sucker |
> turion |
STRUCTURE |
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A shoot arising adventitiously from a root or stem below or at ground level. |
spermatozoid |
= antherozoid; < sperm |
STRUCTURE |
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A motile male gamete, produced within an antheridium. |
fringe |
= fimbria |
STRUCTURE |
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A marginal series or cycle of regular, slender, closely adjacent, more or less flexible segments or protrusions, when treated as an aggregate structure. |
fertile frond |
< spore leaf, sporophyll |
STRUCTURE |
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A frond that bears sporangia; in Polypodiophyta. See also sterile frond (trophophyll). |
vallecula pl. valleculae |
= colpus, fossula, furrow, groove, sulcus |
STRUCTURE |
|
A longitudinal depression that is relatively shallow and narrow; esp. in fruits of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). |
aril 1 (broad sense) |
> arillode, arillus |
STRUCTURE |
|
An appendicular structure that wholly or partly envelops a seed and is produced from or a modification of the funicle, raphe, outer integument, or (in some Pinophyta) a subtending involucre; usually fleshy or pulpy, sometimes spongy or tufted-capillate, often brightly colored. |
floret |
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STRUCTURE |
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A very small, structurally specialized flower, especially when occurring in capitulum (head; Asteraceae), or in a spikelet (Poaceae), where it includes the immediately subtending bracts (lemma and palea). |
microsporocarp |
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STRUCTURE |
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A sporocarp that bears only microsporangia. |
bract 2 (strict sense) |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any primary or first-order lateral structure ontogenetically and anatomically analogous with, and therefore presumably homologous with, but relatively smaller than, a leaf, especially when subtending an inflorescence, other reproductive structure, or portion thereof; putatively, an evolutionarily reduced leaf. |
taproot |
< primary root |
STRUCTURE |
|
A primary root that remains dominant through the life of the plant as the main axis of a vertically oriented system that penetrates the substrate to a considerable depth. |
rib |
= costa; > midnerve (not recommended), midrib, midvein; >< lateral vein |
STRUCTURE |
|
A primary vein of a laminar structure, having a longitudinal course, either medial or lateral, often prominent. See also secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
throat 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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The far distal portion of a perianth, calyx, or corolla tube, or of a leaf sheath, surrounding the orifice of the tube or sheath, sometimes constricted relative to the diameter of the main body of the tube or sheath; except in disc florets of Asteraceae (Compositae). |
phyllodium pl. phyllodia |
= phyllode |
STRUCTURE |
|
A leaf deemed to consist entirely or almost entirely of tissues evolutionarily derived from the petiole, all or a distal portion of which has become laminar, the original blade reduced to the point of absence or vestigiality. |
main stem |
= primary stem; > bole, trunk |
STRUCTURE |
|
The one, or any of the more than one, first-order stem(s), or first-order portion(s) of the collective stem, of a shoot. |
haft |
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STRUCTURE |
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The narrow portion of a structure that is notably constricted. |
strobilus pl. strobili |
= cone; > female cone, macrostrobilus (not recommended), male cone, megastrobilus, microstrobilus |
STRUCTURE |
|
A compound or complex reproductive structure consisting of a central axis bearing congested sporophylls and sometimes other lateral members (e.g., bracts) that are sterile. |
hair |
= capillus; > glochid, glochidium; < cilium, trichome |
STRUCTURE |
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A hair-like trichome. |
spore |
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STRUCTURE |
|
A simple, usually unicellular, sometimes oligocellular propagule derived by meiotic division of a diploid (2n chromosomes) sporocyte within a sporangium, thus of haploid (n chromosomes) genetic constitution. A spore constitutes the first ontogenetic stage of a gametophytic generation and gives rise to a usually multicellular gametophyte upon germination. Though technically present in seed-bearing plants, by itself it is descriptively significant only in those taxa that do not produce seeds. |
tepal |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any member of an undifferentiated perianth; may be green and foliaceous or colored and petaloid, distinct or else connate with one or more others, and/or free or else adnate with one or more other floral structures. |
flange |
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STRUCTURE |
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A relatively broad, circumferential rim or ridge that protrudes laterally. |
placenta pl. placentae, placentas |
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STRUCTURE |
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An ovule-bearing zone of the tissue surface bordering an ovary locule; of merely topographic, not histological, significance; may be a part of the ovary wall proper or an extension from it, or a part of the central axis of the ovary or an extension from it. |
perianth |
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STRUCTURE |
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Collectively, all the sterile, primary, lateral organs (tepals, or sepals and/or petals) of a flower; inserted upon the floral axis immediately beneath (proximal to) the reproductive organs (androecium and/or gynoecium) and surrounding them, often protectively; lacking in some taxa; the individual members typically laminar and more or less foliaceous; widely regarded as consisting of the evolutionarily modified leaves of a fertile shoot; the constituent members undifferentiated with respect to one another, or else differentiated into more or less distinct floral envelopes (calyx and corolla), one or the other of which is deemed lacking in some taxa due to evolutionary reduction following differentiation. |
lobe |
? division, segment |
STRUCTURE |
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Any generally convex, major peripheral protrusion or component sector that is delimited by concavities in the surface or margin and that is not proximally distinct from the remainder of the whole. |
stipe 1 |
< stalk |
STRUCTURE |
|
A small, slender connection between a pollinium caudicle and a viscidium; in Orchidaceae. |
aril 2 (strict sense) |
= arillus |
STRUCTURE |
|
An appendicular structure that wholly or partly envelops a seed and is an outgrowth from the funicle or raphe, and thus is ontogenetically derived from the placenta; usually fleshy or pulpy, sometimes spongy or tufted-capillate, often brightly colored. |