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rosette |
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STRUCTURE |
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A set of leaves that are strongly congested and disposed in radial symmetry about the main stem at or very near its base, seeming to arise at the same level and often overlapping laterally; esp. the overwintering leaves of perennial herbs. |
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fatiscent |
= crumbling; > farinaceous, mealy |
texture |
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Easily disintegrating in relatively small pieces, either spontaneously or under pressure. |
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…serrate |
= …-sawtoothed |
margin |
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Having the number of orders of sawteeth indicated by the prefix, one upon another; as in biserrate. See also …crenate (…-scalloped), …dentate (…-toothed). |
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squamule 2 |
= squamella; < scale |
STRUCTURE |
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A small, dry bract borne on the compound receptacle (torus) of a capitulum (head); in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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hirsute |
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pubescence |
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Bearing coarse, rough, elongate, more or less erect, capillate trichomes. See also hirtellous. |
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keel-shaped |
= cariniform |
solid shape |
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Elongate, basically triangular in transverse section, tapering at one or both ends, the outer edge thus somewhat arcuate, the whole resembling the keel of a boat. |
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vexillum pl. vexilla |
= banner, standard |
STRUCTURE |
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The relatively large, erect adaxial (upper) petal in a papilionaceous corolla. |
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megasporocarp |
= macrosporocarp (not recommended) |
STRUCTURE |
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A sporocarp that bears only megasporangia. |
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obtriangular 2 |
= cuneate, wedge-shaped |
plane shape |
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Inversely triangular; like the outline of the broad lateral face of a wedge, broadest at the apex. See also obdeltate. |
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…cleft |
? …fid, …lobate, …lobed, …parted, …partite, …segmented |
solid shape |
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Having the number of lobes, divisions or segments indicated by the prefix; as in three-cleft. |
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obtrullate |
= obtrulliform |
plane shape |
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Inversely trullate (trowel-shaped, trulliform). |
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crisped |
= crispate, curly |
margin |
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Having closely and irregularly spaced, irregularly shaped, often compound convexities that curve irregularly through three dimensions. |
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distant |
= remote |
arrangement |
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Disposed relatively far from one another along the axis. |
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rhachilla |
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STRUCTURE |
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See rachilla. |
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segmented |
? cleft, dissected, divided, lobed, lobate, parted, partite |
solid shape |
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Having two or more major component sectors or peripheral protrusions that are delimited by concavities in the surface or margin and that are not proximally distinct from the remainder of the whole. The meanings of this term and its approximate synonyms sometimes have been supposed to differ according to the depth of the delimiting concavities relative to the midline or midpoint of the overall structure, and/or to the shape or proportions of the protusions or sectors; however, there has been little consistency in the applications of the various terms according to such distinctions, which are ones only of degree and are necessarily arbitrary in any case. In general usage, these terms differ only indistinctly and connotatively: cleft, lobed (or lobate), parted (or partite) and segmented tend to connote fewer protrusions or sectors; lobate usually connotes as well a generally rounded shape; dissected tends to connote more numerous sectors that are elongate and angular. See also cut (incised, lacerate, torn), laciniate (slashed). |
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frond |
< leaf, macrophyll (not recommended), megaphyll |
STRUCTURE |
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A leaf in Polypodiophyta or Palmae (Arecaceae), usually relatively large and often highly dissected. Use of this term in preference to "leaf" in descriptions of ferns and palms is a matter of tradition only, not of morphological or evolutionary distinction. |
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spiral 1 |
= acyclic, helical |
arrangement |
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Disposed helically about and along the axis, each on a different radius than the one(s) vertically adjacent. |
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helical 1 |
= acyclic, spiral |
arrangement |
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Disposed helically about and along the axis, each on a different radius than the one(s) vertically adjacent. |
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subround |
= subcircular; suborbicular misapplied, subrotund misapplied |
plane shape |
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Compressed circular or very broadly elliptic, only slightly longer than wide. |
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interpetiolar |
< nodal |
position |
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Upon the stem between the bases of opposite leaves. |
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tomentose |
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pubescence |
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Bearing dense, short, stiff, capillate trichomes. See also tomentulose. |
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vascular |
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insertion |
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Upon or otherwise directly associated with the vasculature. |
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aristate 1 |
= awned, bristled |
apex |
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Bearing one or more aristae (awns, bristles, setae). |
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main stem |
= primary stem; > bole, trunk |
STRUCTURE |
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The one, or any of the more than one, first-order stem(s), or first-order portion(s) of the collective stem, of a shoot. |
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branchlet |
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STRUCTURE |
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A branch of the highest or ultimate order. |
