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fusion |
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CHARACTER |
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Physical connection of equivalent or dissimilar structural entities (as recognized on evolutionary, morphological, anatomical, ontogenetic, and/or topological grounds). Terms that denote the interconnection of equivalent structures are predicated on a single collective subject and suffice in themselves to describe the condition; e.g., "sepals connate." However, those that denote the connection of dissimilar structures require explicit notation of each type of structure involved, in either a compound-subject construction or else a single-subject/object-of-preposition construction; e.g., "stamens and corolla adnate" or "stamens adnate to corolla." Qualifying detail is sometimes appropriate; e.g., "filaments connate basally," "filaments adnate to the petals over their lower halves." |
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moniliform |
= beaded |
solid shape |
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Elongate, relatively slender, transversely round, and more or less regularly constricted over its length, the whole straight or variously curved; like a necklace of beads. |
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verticil |
= cycle, series, whorl |
STRUCTURE |
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A set of three or more lateral structures that are inserted around an axis at the same level. |
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spiculate |
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relief |
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Having small, fine, stiff, acute protrusions that resemble little spikes. See also scabridulous (scabrellate, scabrellous, which is not clearly distinct in its application. |
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plantlet |
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STRUCTURE |
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A juvenile, complete plant produced asexually by budding, as from the leaf margin in some Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae); this term is usually applied only while such vegetatively produced offspring remain attached to the plant of origin. |
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fascicled 2 |
= bundled (not recommended), fasciculate |
arrangement |
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Disposed in one or more fascicles, the members of each inserted close together and only slightly if at all divergent from one another. |
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…cyclic |
= …seriate, …verticillate, …whorled |
arrangement |
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Disposed in the number of cycles (series, verticils, whorls) indicated by the prefix; as in monocyclic, 3-cyclic. |
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leptosporangiate |
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reproduction |
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Having relatively small sporangia each of which develops from a single initial cell that, by periclinal division, gives rise to an outer and an inner cell, the former then giving rise to the entire sporangium, including contents and sporangiophore, the latter contributing nothing to it; in some Polypodiophyta. |
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hilum 2 pl. hila |
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FEATURE |
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The more or less central point within a starch grain of intracellular origin, about which the successive layers of starch were accreted more or less symmetrically. |
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puckered |
= blistered, bullate, pustulate |
relief |
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Having relatively coarse, irregularly disposed, rounded protrusions or convexities resembling blisters. See also papillate, papillose. |
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four-… |
= quadr(i)…, tetra… |
prefix |
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Indicating presence of or constitution by four entities of the type denoted by the term's stem; as in four-angled, four-petaled, four-ranked. |
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megaphyll |
= leaf, macrophyll (not recommended); > frond, needle |
STRUCTURE |
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A principal, vegetative shoot organ borne laterally from a stem node; its vascular tissues, if any, continuous with those of the stem; undergoing no significant secondary growth; usually more or less bilaterally symmetrical; comprising a distal, usually laminar blade and/or a proximal stalk (petiole) or sheath; usually a primary site of photosynthesis. |
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seed |
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STRUCTURE |
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A mature or ripened ovule containing an embryonic sporophyte and a nutritive tissue (endosperm or perisperm) with stored food that sustains the initial growth of the embryo upon germination, except when such food reserve is stored instead in the cotyledon(s) of the embryo itself, these enclosed by one or two integuments (the testa), the whole serving as a propagule. A fertile seed (one containing a viable embryo) normally results from sexual fertilization of an egg by a sperm; however, fertile seeds are sometimes produced asexually by apomictic processes (e.g., parthenogenesis). |
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papillate |
= papillose |
relief |
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Having small, conoidal protrusions overall; appearing pimply. |
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acrid 1 |
= pungent |
apex |
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Terminating abruptly in a rigid, relatively short, sharp point composed of both vascular and laminar tissues. |
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insertion |
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CHARACTER |
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Mode or locus of attachment of a structure to some dissimilar bearing structure. The lexicons relating to insertion and position overlap to a great degree, since these two morphological concepts are often inseparable in practice. Also overlaps conceptually with arrangement, habit, orientation, and shape. |
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crown-shaped |
= coroniform |
solid shape |
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Shortly and broadly tubular overall, circumferentially continuous at the base, distally so or not; like a monarch's crown. |
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retuse |
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apex |
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Round overall with an obtuse terminal sinus. |
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…valleculate |
= …colpate, …fossulate, …furrowed, …grooved, …sulcate |
architecture |
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Having the number of valleculae indicated by the prefix; esp. fruits of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae); as in tetravalleculate, 8-valleculate. |
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grumous |
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solid shape |
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Having an external aspect like a cluster of grains, basically convex overall. |
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nodal |
> interpetiolar |
position |
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Upon or associated with the nodes. |
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small-scalloped |
= crenulate |
margin |
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Finely scalloped (crenate). See also sawtoothed (serrate), small-sawtoothed (serrulate), small-toothed (denticulate), toothed (dentate). |
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aristate 1 |
= awned, bristled |
apex |
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Bearing one or more aristae (awns, bristles, setae). |
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pinnatisect |
< pinnate, pinnatifid |
plane shape |
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Pinnately divided with the sinuses extending to the central axis. |
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heart-shaped 2 |
= cordate |
plane shape |
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Fairly regularly attenuate from a broad, bilobate base to a narrow apex, the lobes large, rounded, retrorse, and intersecting; like the stylized outline of the broad lateral face of a heart. See also obcordate. |
