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complex |
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architecture |
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Comprising two or more basic structural entities, at least two of which are dissimilar. |
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decompound |
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architecture |
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Comprising two or more orders of equivalent substructural entities; multiply compound. |
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obvolute 2 |
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vernation |
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Conduplicate with the lateral edges of each leaf alternately overlapping those of the oppositely oriented, distally next adjacent one. |
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margin |
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CHARACTER |
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Configuration of all or part of the periphery of a planate structure, sometimes referred to as though it were discrete and an entity in its own right for descriptive purposes. The extent of the area considered to pertain to the margin in a given case is, of necessity, subjectively determined. As a general rule, peripheral concavities that do not exceed 1/5 the distance from the generalized edge to the center or main axis of the structure are considered components of marginal configuration, deeper concavities being considered components of overall shape. The margin is sometimes considered to be only the infinitely thin boundary itself, and such a definition is probably the one most technically correct from the standpoint of geometry and general usage. However, it is inconsistent with traditional usage in descriptive botany, which treats the margin as an entity of substance both semantically and conceptually. The semantic antecedent of some descriptors is "margin," whereas the antecedent of others is the structure as a whole (e.g., leaf). |
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venation |
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CHARACTER |
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Configuration of laminar vasculature as to its hierarchical organization and the dispositions of component orders. For descriptive purposes, the orders of vasculature are ranked with reference only to the lamina in point, irrespective of rank within any larger vascular context. |
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base |
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CHARACTER |
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Configuration of the lowermost or proximal portion of a structure, its extent determined somewhat subjectively in relation to the shape of the structure as a whole. The concept of base varies from one descriptive context to another, since the base is not a clearly delimited, morphologically distinct entity. The terms for describing basal condition are not strictly coordinate logically — some are more inclusive than others, and some describe conditions involving what can be regarded as appendages — and precise characterization may require using more than one descriptor. The semantic antecedent of some descriptors is "base," whereas the antecedent of others is the structure as a whole (e.g., leaf ). |
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apex pl. apices |
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CHARACTER |
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Configuration of the uppermost, distal, or terminal portion of a structure, its extent determined somewhat subjectively in relation to the shape of the structure as a whole. The concept of apex varies from one descriptive context to another, since the apex is not a clearly delimited, morphologically distinct entity. The terms for describing apical condition are not strictly coordinate logically — some are more inclusive than others, some describe conditions involving what can be regarded as appendages, and some refer to the apex in a developmental as well as a strictly topological sense — and precise characterization may require using more than one descriptor. The semantic antecedent of some descriptors is "apex," whereas the antecedent of others is the structure as a whole (e.g., leaf ). |
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lancehead-shaped 2 |
= lanceoloid, lanciform |
solid shape |
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Considerably longer than broad, compressed or not, broadest near the base and somewhat concavely attenuate to the apex, the attenuation in all median longitudinal planes or else largely confined to one, depending upon the extent of compression, if any. See also oblanceoloid (oblanciform). |
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lanceoloid |
= lancehead-shaped, lanciform |
solid shape |
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Considerably longer than broad, compressed or not, broadest near the base and somewhat concavely attenuate to the apex, the attenuation in all median longitudinal planes or else largely confined to one, depending upon the extent of compression, if any. See also oblanceoloid (oblanciform). |
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lanciform |
= lancehead-shaped, lanceoloid |
solid shape |
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Considerably longer than broad, compressed or not, broadest near the base and somewhat concavely attenuate to the apex, the attenuation in all median longitudinal planes or else largely confined to one, depending upon the extent of compression, if any. See also oblanciform (oblanceoloid). |
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true |
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derivation |
indusium |
Constituting a distinct enation from the epidermis, not simply a marginal fold of the lamina as a whole. |
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false |
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derivation |
indusium |
Constituting a marginal fold of the lamina as a whole and not a distinct enation from the epidermis. |
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waisted |
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solid shape |
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Constricted in width or breadth at or near the middle of its length. |
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siliceous |
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texture |
epidermis, trichome |
Containing deposits of silica, thus hardened and abrasive. |
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connivent |
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arrangement |
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Converging and distally contiguous; esp. arcuate stamens with anthers contiguous. |
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cucullate 2 |
= cuculliform, hood-shaped |
solid shape |
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Convex or compressed-convex overall with a distal peak or ridge, relatively thin-walled and essentially hollow with the interior open to one side below the distal portion; resembling a hood or cowl. See also galeate (galeiform, helmet-shaped), which overlaps conceptually. |
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cuculliform |
= cucullate, hood-shaped |
solid shape |
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Convex or compressed-convex overall with a distal peak or ridge, relatively thin-walled and essentially hollow with the interior open to one side below the distal portion; resembling a hood or cowl. See also galeiform (galeate, helmet-shaped), which overlaps conceptually. |
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hood-shaped |
= cucullate, cuculliform |
solid shape |
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Convex or compressed-convex overall with a distal peak or ridge, relatively thin-walled and essentially hollow with the interior open to one side below the distal portion; resembling a hood or cowl. See also helmet-shaped (galeate, galeiform), which overlaps conceptually. |
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rounded |
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apex |
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Convex overall and more or less regularly curved. |
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rounded |
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base |
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Convex overall and more or less regularly curved. |
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flattened |
> complanate, compressed, depressed, obcompressed |
solid shape |
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Convex overall but with one or more sides or ends distinctly deviating toward plane, as though pressed or squeezed there. |
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galeate |
= galeiform, helmet-shaped |
solid shape |
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Convex overall with a more or less smoothly curved apex, relatively thin-walled and essentially hollow with the interior open to one side below the distal portion; resembling a helmet. See also cucullate (cuculliform, hood-shaped), which overlaps conceptually. |
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galeiform |
= galeate, helmet-shaped |
solid shape |
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Convex overall with a more or less smoothly curved apex, relatively thin-walled and essentially hollow with the interior open to one side below the distal portion; resembling a helmet. See also cuculliform (cucullate, hood-shaped), which overlaps conceptually. |
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helmet-shaped |
= galeate, galeiform |
solid shape |
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Convex overall with a more or less smoothly curved apex, relatively thin-walled and essentially hollow with the interior open to one side below the distal portion; resembling a helmet. See also hood-shaped (cucullate, cuculliform), which overlaps conceptually. |
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dome-shaped |
= tholiform |
solid shape |
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Convex overall, broadest at the base, and transversely more or less circular to elliptical throughout. |
