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insertion |
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CHARACTER |
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Mode or locus of attachment of a structure to some dissimilar bearing structure. The lexicons relating to insertion and position overlap to a great degree, since these two morphological concepts are often inseparable in practice. Also overlaps conceptually with arrangement, habit, orientation, and shape. |
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coloration |
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CHARACTER |
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Hue(s), intensity(ies), and/or pattern (if any) of coloring. When more than one hue and/or intensity is involved, a term describing the pattern of contrast will be applicable, and the description as a whole should be phrased to indicate the particular role of each in the pattern; e.g., "ovaries striate, yellow on green"; "petals pink, spotted yellow basally"; "sepals green, suffused with red". |
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apex pl. apices |
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CHARACTER |
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Configuration of the uppermost, distal, or terminal portion of a structure, its extent determined somewhat subjectively in relation to the shape of the structure as a whole. The concept of apex varies from one descriptive context to another, since the apex is not a clearly delimited, morphologically distinct entity. The terms for describing apical condition are not strictly coordinate logically — some are more inclusive than others, some describe conditions involving what can be regarded as appendages, and some refer to the apex in a developmental as well as a strictly topological sense — and precise characterization may require using more than one descriptor. The semantic antecedent of some descriptors is "apex," whereas the antecedent of others is the structure as a whole (e.g., leaf ). |
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solid shape |
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CHARACTER |
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Overall three-dimensional form or aspect(s) thereof. Overlaps conceptually with architecture, arrangement, habit, insertion, orientation, position, relief, and texture (as to thickness). |
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ontogeny |
= development |
CHARACTER |
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Mode or pattern of growth and differentiation. |
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dehiscence |
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CHARACTER |
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Mode of opening (splitting or forming apertures). |
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pubescence |
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CHARACTER |
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Collective aspect of trichomes borne on the surface. Many of the terms traditionally used for describing pubescence have been defined and used in so many differing and often contradictory ways that they have become hopelessly ambiguous. This is attributable mainly to overdefinition within this portion of the traditional lexicon — that is, to highly arbitrary and widely variant restriction of a term's scope to some one detailed combination of trichome character states (shape, size, orientation, etc.). By derivation these are essentially general terms, really suited only for denoting overall aspect. The diversity actually encountered in nature defies comprehensive and unambiguous resolution into any limited suite of precisely specified, mutually exclusive, complex character states that can be associated with these terms, which are best used only in their general senses. Sometimes, such description will be sufficient in itself; more often, additionally or alternatively, the various attributes of the individual trichomes should be described. This is the only strategy that allows for full description of any possible condition, including the presence of more than one type of trichome. The various terms used for describing pubescence have never been semantically consistent; in some cases they refer to the trichomes themselves, while in others they apply to the bearing surface or structure; e.g., sericeous (the trichomes themselves are collectively silky) versus barbate (the structure is bearded). See also coating, indumentum (vesture). |
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habit |
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CHARACTER |
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General appearance and/or function, usually including explicit or implicit reference to one or more aspects of habitat or other features of the external environment; a logically imprecise traditional category of terms that overlaps conceptually with architecture, arrangement, duration, insertion, location, orientation, position, shape, and texture. |
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placentation |
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CHARACTER |
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Disposition of the placenta(e) within an ovary. |
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fixation |
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CHARACTER |
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Mode of attachment to a supporting structure. |
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base |
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CHARACTER |
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Configuration of the lowermost or proximal portion of a structure, its extent determined somewhat subjectively in relation to the shape of the structure as a whole. The concept of base varies from one descriptive context to another, since the base is not a clearly delimited, morphologically distinct entity. The terms for describing basal condition are not strictly coordinate logically — some are more inclusive than others, and some describe conditions involving what can be regarded as appendages — and precise characterization may require using more than one descriptor. The semantic antecedent of some descriptors is "base," whereas the antecedent of others is the structure as a whole (e.g., leaf ). |
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prominence |
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CHARACTER |
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Elevation or depression of a discrete feature relative to the surrounding surface. |
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duration |
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CHARACTER |
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Extent of lifetime, or persistence and physical state after maturation. |
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arrangement |
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CHARACTER |
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Disposition of equivalent structures with respect to one another (positions/insertions and/or orientations, regarded collectively) within some explicit or implicit standard context. Overlaps conceptually with habit, insertion, orientation, position, and shape. |
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plane shape |
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CHARACTER |
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Overall two-dimensional form or aspect(s) thereof. Overlaps conceptually with architecture, arrangement, habit, insertion, orientation, and position. |
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extent |
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CHARACTER |
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Reach of the septum or septa within the ovary or fruit, relative to the ovary wall or pericarp and its center. |
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orientation |
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CHARACTER |
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Attitude or direction with respect to some explicit or implicit structure(s) or context. The lexicon relating to orientation includes some conceptually complex terms whose meanings also embrace aspects of structural composition or shape. Overlaps conceptually with arrangement, habit, insertion, position, and shape. |
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location |
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CHARACTER |
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Position with respect to aspects of environmental context. |
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germination 1 |
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CHARACTER |
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The process wherein a dormant embryo resumes active metabolism and growth, the primary root and shoot emerging from the seed coat, the young sporophyte thereupon entering the seedling stage. |
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germination 2 |
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CHARACTER |
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The process wherein the contents of a spore begin active growth, exiting the confines of the spore wall via a pore or crack and giving rise to a gametophyte. |
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nutrition |
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CHARACTER |
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Mode of acquiring nutrients. |
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manifestation |
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CHARACTER |
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Degree or nature of evidence when present within the context in point. |
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reflectance |
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CHARACTER |
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Aspect as to proportion and pattern of incident light reflected from the surface. |
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coating |
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CHARACTER |
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Exudate that covers the surface proper. See also indumentum (vesture), pubescence. |
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exudation |
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CHARACTER |
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Discharged substance, as to type. |
