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aril 1 (broad sense) |
> arillode, arillus |
STRUCTURE |
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An appendicular structure that wholly or partly envelops a seed and is produced from or a modification of the funicle, raphe, outer integument, or (in some Pinophyta) a subtending involucre; usually fleshy or pulpy, sometimes spongy or tufted-capillate, often brightly colored. |
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macrospore (not recommended) |
= megaspore |
STRUCTURE |
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A female spore; a spore of the larger of two types produced by the sporophytes of a heterosporous taxon; produced in a megasporangium; giving rise upon germination to a megagametophyte. |
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bractlet 1 |
= bracteole; < bract |
STRUCTURE |
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A diminutive bract, or a bract that is smaller than others present. |
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paraphysis pl. paraphyses |
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STRUCTURE |
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An elongate, multicellular, sterile structure borne between sporangia within a sorus; in Polypodiophyta. |
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corolla pl. corollae, corollas |
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STRUCTURE |
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Collectively, the petals of a flower, whether distinct or connate; the inner or distal envelope of a differentiated perianth, whether the other envelope (calyx) is actually present or is deemed to be absent due to evolutionary reduction. |
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pollinarium pl. pollinaria |
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STRUCTURE |
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A pollinium together with, when present, its stipe and viscidium; the entire unit of pollinium dispersal. |
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raphides sing. raphis |
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STRUCTURE |
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Needle-like crystals of calcium oxalate contained within the cells of some plants; esp. in Araceae. |
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gynoecium pl. gynoecia var. gynaecium |
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STRUCTURE |
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The pistil(s) of a single flower together with any ontogenetically equivalent or subordinate structures present, taken collectively; the total female (ovule-producing) structural complement of a single flower. It may include one to many pistils, each simple or compound. |
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casing |
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STRUCTURE |
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The portion (if any) of a floral tube that is adnate to the gynoecium. See also collar, neck. |
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palea 2 pl. paleae, paleas |
= pale, palet |
STRUCTURE |
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The distal bract of the (usually) two that immediately subtend the flower in a grass (Poaceae) spikelet; the other is the lemma. |
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stem |
> cane, culm |
STRUCTURE |
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The entire axial system of a shoot, or a component, primary or higher-order (branch) axis of the shoot; differentiated anatomically and morphologically into nodes and internodes, from the former of which it branches exogenously and bears leaves, bracts, and/or inflorescences; usually growing above ground level, but sometimes structurally and functionally specialized and growing underground (e.g., rhizome, tuber) or upon the surface of the ground (e.g., stolon). Although sometimes phenotypically distinctive and often treated separately for descriptive purposes, the axial system of an inflorescence, excluding pedicels or parts of them in some cases, is properly stem in the above general sense. |
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hydathode |
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STRUCTURE |
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A multicellular, anatomically distinctive structure located within a leaf at its periphery, its cells surrounding a central canal that opens to the exterior, through which water is actively discharged under humid conditions that impede the rate of transpiration; this liquid discharge is termed guttation. |
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dropper |
= tuberoid |
STRUCTURE |
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An axial outgrowth that descends from a bulb and eventually forms a new bulb; esp. in Orchidaceae. |
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root 2 |
= radix |
STRUCTURE |
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A vascularized, primary or higher-order (branch) axis that is not differentiated into nodes and internodes and that branches endogenously, together with any non-axial structures borne from it; usually growing below ground level, but sometimes structurally and functionally specialized and growing wholly or partly aboveground (e.g. aerial root, knee root, pneumatophore). |
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squamella 3 pl. squamellae |
= lodicule, squamule |
STRUCTURE |
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One of two or three small, scale-like structures inserted at the base of the androecium, distal to the palea, in most grass (Poaceae) flowers; often regarded as a vestigial branch or perianth member. |
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jacket cell |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any of the cells forming the portion of an antheridial wall between the basal cells and the cap cell(s). |
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auricle |
= ear |
STRUCTURE |
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A small, rounded, lateral lobe at the base of a laminar structure, lying in more or less the same plane as the remainder of the lamina. |
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claw |
= unguis |
STRUCTURE |
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The abruptly much narrower proximal portion, when present, of a laminar structure, esp. a petal; of variable shape itself, but usually attenuate toward the base. |
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primary vein |
> costa, midnerve (not recommended), midrib, midvein, rib; >< lateral vein |
STRUCTURE |
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A strand belonging to the first order of vasculature in a leaf or other basically laminar structure. See also secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
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disk |
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STRUCTURE |
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See disc. |
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seed leaf |
= cotyledon |
STRUCTURE |
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Any of the one or more primary foliar structures of an embryonic seed plant, proximal to all succeeding leaf primordia; sometimes serving as a storage organ for food reserves in the seed, as in peas and beans. |
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aril 2 (strict sense) |
= arillus |
STRUCTURE |
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An appendicular structure that wholly or partly envelops a seed and is an outgrowth from the funicle or raphe, and thus is ontogenetically derived from the placenta; usually fleshy or pulpy, sometimes spongy or tufted-capillate, often brightly colored. |
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macrosporocarp (not recommended) |
= megasporocarp |
STRUCTURE |
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A sporocarp that bears only macrosporangia (megasporangia). |
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bractlet 2 |
= bracteole, prophyll(um); < bract |
STRUCTURE |
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A second- or higher-order bract within, and subtending some portion of, an aggregate branching structure, especially when subtending a flower. |
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nodule |
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STRUCTURE |
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A small nodiform (gongylodate, gongyloid, knob-shaped, knot-shaped) segment or protrusion; esp. in roots of Fabaceae (Leguminosae) and harboring nitrogen-fixing bacteria. |
