ligneous |
= woody |
texture |
|
Of or resembling xylem (wood). |
papyraceous |
= chartaceous, papery |
texture |
|
Very thin, flexible, and readily torn; like paper. See also membranaceous (membranous), pergamentaceous (parchment-like). |
soft |
|
texture |
|
Yielding under slight pressure. |
bony |
= osseous |
texture |
|
Very hard and rather brittle, like bone. |
granulate |
= granular, granulose |
texture |
|
Composed of grain-like particles; loose, dry, and coarsely particulate. |
pliant |
= flexible, pliable, supple |
texture |
|
Able to bend over its length and/or breadth without structural disruption. |
membranaceous |
= membranous |
texture |
|
Extremely thin, pliable, and fairly tough; like animal membrane. See also chartaceous (papery, papyraceous), pergamentaceous (parchment-like). |
filamentous |
|
texture |
|
Composed of filiform (thread-like) strands with no intervening tissue. |
siliceous |
|
texture |
epidermis, trichome |
Containing deposits of silica, thus hardened and abrasive. |
granulose |
= granular, granulate |
texture |
|
Composed of grain-like particles; loose, dry, and coarsely particulate. |
fleshy |
= carnose, sarcous |
texture |
|
Fairly firm and dense, juicy or at least moist, and easily cut. |
membranous |
= membranaceous |
texture |
|
Extremely thin, pliable, and fairly tough; like animal membrane. See also chartaceous (papery, papyraceous), pergamentaceous (parchment-like). |
indurate(d) |
= hard |
texture |
|
Yielding only under strong pressure; not deformable without internal structural disruption. See also callose (callous), corticate (hard-coated), sclerocaulous (hard-stemmed). |
farinaceous 1 |
= mealy; < crumbling, fatiscent |
texture |
|
Of minute, relatively stout trichomes that are collectively meal- or flour-like and easily detached. See also farinose. |
fleshy-stemmed |
= sarcocaulous |
texture |
plant |
Having main stems that are fleshy (carnose, sarcous). |
one-veined |
= hyphodromous, single-veined |
venation |
|
Having one median, primary vein and no other venation externally evident. |
palinactinodromous |
|
venation |
|
Compound actinodromous, with higher-order branch radiations above the level of and similar to the primary one. |
simple-craspedodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having a midvein that branches to either side along the length of the lamina, the secondary veins and their branches all running toward and terminating at the margin. |
semicraspedodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having a single median primary vein that branches to either side along the length of the lamina, each secondary vein running thence toward and bifurcate near the margin, one branch terminating at the margin, the other upwardly arcuate and merging with the superadjacent secondary vein, thus forming one of a series of marginal loops. |
single-veined |
= hyphodromous, one-veined |
venation |
|
Having one median, primary vein and no other venation externally evident. |
campylodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having several primary and/or strongly developed secondary veins that diverge from a point or small area near the base of the blade and run thence ultimately toward the apex, recurving proximally, arcuate and converging distally, reaching the apex or not. |
anadromous |
|
venation |
|
Having the first lateral vein in each pinna or primary segment of the frond arise from its midvein on the side toward the apex of the frond, the pinnule or secondary segment that it leads to often disproportionately larger than the next distal ones. |
cladodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having a single median primary vein that branches to either side along its length, the secondary veins running thence toward the margin, but freely ramifying and becoming indistinct before reaching it. |
catadromous |
|
venation |
|
Having the first lateral vein in each pinna or primary segment of the frond arise from its midvein on the side toward the base of the frond, the pinnule or secondary segment that it leads to often disproportionately larger than the next distal ones. |
craspedodromous, mixed- |
|
venation |
|
Having a midvein that branches to either side along the length of the lamina, the secondary veins running thence toward the margin, some becoming indistinct before reaching it, others terminating there. |