pericarp |
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STRUCTURE |
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The portion of a fruit wall that is derived from the ovary wall; consisting of three more or less distinct tissue layers (exocarp or epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp) that may or may not differ greatly in structure and/or function; the wall of a fruit, excluding any tissues of extra-ovarian (accessory) origin. |
cladophyll |
= cladode, phylloclade |
STRUCTURE |
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A stem segment that functions as a leaf; often more or less compressed. |
lemma pl. lemmata, lemmas |
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STRUCTURE |
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The proximal bract of the (usually) two that immediately subtend the flower in a grass (Poaceae) floret; the other is the palea. |
bark |
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STRUCTURE |
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The outermost portion of any shoot or root axis having secondary growth, consisting of all those tissues outside the vascular cambium; sometimes exhibiting zonation into inner, living bark and outer, dead bark; usually described only as to external appearance. |
spur 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A hollow protrusion from a calyx or corolla, often nectariferous. |
bristle 1 |
= arista, awn, seta |
STRUCTURE |
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A slender, more or less straight and stiff, fine-pointed, terminal or subterminal appendage or prolongation, sometimes a continuation of the bearing structure's central primary vein, as on a glume, lemma, or palea in Poaceae (Gramineae). |
root 2 |
= radix |
STRUCTURE |
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A vascularized, primary or higher-order (branch) axis that is not differentiated into nodes and internodes and that branches endogenously, together with any non-axial structures borne from it; usually growing below ground level, but sometimes structurally and functionally specialized and growing wholly or partly aboveground (e.g. aerial root, knee root, pneumatophore). |
enation |
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STRUCTURE |
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A relatively small outgrowth from an otherwise regular boundary or surface of a larger structure. |
turion |
< sucker |
STRUCTURE |
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A scaly sucker. |
primary vein |
> costa, midnerve (not recommended), midrib, midvein, rib; >< lateral vein |
STRUCTURE |
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A strand belonging to the first order of vasculature in a leaf or other basically laminar structure. See also secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
pale 2 |
= palea, palet |
STRUCTURE |
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The upper or distal of the (usually) two distinctive bracts immediately subtending the flower in a grass (Poaceae) spikelet. |
bladder |
= ampulla |
STRUCTURE |
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A small, membranous, hollow, flask-shaped, insectivorous structure borne on a submerged leaf; esp. in Lentibulariaceae. |
xylem |
= wood |
STRUCTURE |
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The water-conducting and usually main supporting tissue of a plant or portion thereof, characterized by the presence of tracheary elements (tracheids and sometimes vessel elements); the lignified tissue of a plant or component structure, composed almost entirely of secondary tissue, i.e., that derived by secondary or lateral growth from a cambium in structures a season or more old. See also sapwood, heartwood. |
knee 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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An abrupt bend in an axial or other elongate structure. |
limb 2 |
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STRUCTURE |
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The portion of the corolla of a bisexual or staminate disc floret distal to the level of filament insertion; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
pollinarium pl. pollinaria |
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STRUCTURE |
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A pollinium together with, when present, its stipe and viscidium; the entire unit of pollinium dispersal. |
endosperm |
= albumen |
STRUCTURE / SUBSTANCE |
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A genetically triploid (3n chromosomes) nutritive tissue in a seed; containing stored carbohydrate and/or oil utilized by the embryo prior to and especially upon germination; derived from fusion of the two polar nuclei (n + n chromosomes) of the embryo sac with a sperm nucleus from the pollen tube (n chromosomes). See also perisperm. |
indument |
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STRUCTURE / SUBSTANCE |
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See indumentum. |
perisperm |
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STRUCTURE / SUBSTANCE |
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A genetically diploid (2n chromosomes) nutritive tissue in a seed; containing stored carbohydrate and/or oil utilized by the embryo prior to and especially upon germination; derived from the nucellus. See also endosperm (albumen). |
indumentum pl. indumenta var. indument |
= vesture |
STRUCTURE / SUBSTANCE |
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The trichomes and/or exuded substance that overlie a surface proper, regarded collectively. See also coating, pubescence. |
vestiture |
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STRUCTURE / SUBSTANCE |
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See vesture. |
vesture var. vestiture |
= indumentum |
STRUCTURE / SUBSTANCE |
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The trichomes and/or exuded substance that overlie a surface proper, regarded collectively. See also coating, pubescence. |
albumen |
= endosperm |
STRUCTURE / SUBSTANCE |
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A genetically triploid (3n chromosomes) nutritive tissue in a seed; containing stored carbohydrate and/or oil utilized by the embryo prior to and especially upon germination; derived from fusion of the two polar nuclei (n + n chromosomes) of the embryo sac with a sperm nucleus from the pollen tube (n chromosomes). See also perisperm. |
sap |
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SUBSTANCE |
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Generally, the fluid content of a plant body; more precisely, the sugary fluid transported by the phloem. |
viscin |
= elastoviscin |
SUBSTANCE |
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A sticky, elastic material, especially that forming the threads that sometimes connect pollen grains. |