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pappus pl. pappi |
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STRUCTURE |
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A set of one or more awns (aristae, bristles, setae) or scales at the summit of an inferior ovary just beneath or outside the free portion of the corolla; persisting in the fruit (cypsela) and often aiding wind or animal dispersal; in Asteraceae (Compositae). Considered by some to be an evolutionarily modified upper calyx portion, the lower portion having been incorporated into the floral tube casing adnate to the ovary wall; considered by others to be an outgrowth from the ovary wall. |
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quincunx |
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aestivation |
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Imbricate in one whorl of five members, two wholly exterior, two wholly interior, and one partially exterior and partially interior. |
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internodal |
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position |
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Upon or otherwise directly associated with the internodes. |
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valve |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any longitudinal segment of a fruit wall delimited by lines of dehiscence. |
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elliptic(al) 1 |
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arrangement |
bundle scars |
Forming an ellipse |
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androgynous |
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reproduction |
taxon |
Monoecious, each inflorescence having a distal sector with only staminate flowers and a proximal sector with only pistillate ones. |
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raphides sing. raphis |
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STRUCTURE |
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Needle-like crystals of calcium oxalate contained within the cells of some plants; esp. in Araceae. |
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superior 2 |
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position |
ovary |
Not enclosed to any degree by a floral tube casing, the perianth and/or androecium thus arising beneath (proximal to) it. |
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campylodromous |
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venation |
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Having several primary and/or strongly developed secondary veins that diverge from a point or small area near the base of the blade and run thence ultimately toward the apex, recurving proximally, arcuate and converging distally, reaching the apex or not. |
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epidermis pl. epidermides, epidermises |
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STRUCTURE |
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The anatomically distinct, outermost, living tissue that encloses and protects the other tissues of a plant organ or part, usually overlaid by an exuded waxy cuticle; resulting from primary growth, disrupted and shed as a consequence of secondary growth if that occurs; consisting mainly of cells not further specialized, otherwise including various types of more specialized cells associated with trichomes and stomates. |
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antipetalous |
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insertion |
equivalent floral structures |
Each inserted directly above or below a petal. In place of this term, the phrase "opposite the petals" is often used, but that contradicts the sense of opposite as otherwise employed (arrangement of lateral structures along an axis) and should be avoided. |
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glomerule |
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nominative |
inflorescence |
A compact cluster of capitula (heads), sometimes subtended by an involucre; thus, a compound capitulum (head); esp. in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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synanthous |
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maturation |
non-floral structure |
Maturing at the same time as the flowers. See also coetaneous. |
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lamellate |
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apex |
laminar structure |
Having two small terminal plates of tissue closely parallel to one another and perpendicular to the plane of the lamina. |
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evergreen |
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habit |
plant |
Perennial and bearing some viable leaves at all times during the yearly cycle. |
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arcuate 1 |
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course |
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Curving more or less regularly in one direction. |
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ternate |
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architecture |
foliaceous structure |
Palmate with three leaflets. |
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fasciate(d) |
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fusion |
equivalent structures |
Abnormally proliferated in size and/or number and more or less connate, the result often monstrous. |
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asymmetric(al) 1 |
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plane shape |
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Not divisible into essentially equal halves along any line or plane. |
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oblique 1 |
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base |
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Asymmetric about its longitudinal axis. |
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tillering |
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architecture |
plant, stem |
Producing tillers; esp. in Poaceae (Gramineae) and other monocotyledons (Liliidae). |
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decompound |
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architecture |
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Comprising two or more orders of equivalent substructural entities; multiply compound. |
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limb 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A relatively broad portion of a syntepalous (gamotepalous) perianth, synsepalous (gamosepalous) calyx, or sympetalous (gamopetalous) corolla distal to a narrower tube, spreading outward or ascending from the tube, comprising the distinct or connate distal portions of the tepals, sepals, or petals; except in bisexual or staminate disc florets of Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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prickle |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any unvascularized spine-like enation originating in the epidermis, cortex, or mesophyll of any shoot part. See also spine, thorn. |
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hip |
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nominative |
fruit |
Aggregate and consisting of several to many achenes enveloped by a free, urceolate, more or less fleshy, accessory structure derived from floral tube tissue; esp. in Rosa (Rosaceae). |
