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corniculate |
= horned |
apex |
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Bearing one or more cornicula (horns). |
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polished |
= glossy, laevigate, lustrous, shining, shiny |
reflectance |
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Uniformly reflecting a high proportion of incident light at all angles. |
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epidermal cell |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any of the unspecialized cells of an epidermis; i.e., any other than stomatal guard cells or cells directly associated with trichomes. While the latter specialized cells are also properly epidermal cells, they are treated separately for descriptive purposes and, for the sake of convenience, use of the general term is restricted to the unspecialized cells that constitute the bulk of an epidermis. |
|
scale-like |
= squamiform |
solid shape |
|
Isodiametric to elongate in broad outline, relatively very thin, and planate to moderately concave-convex. |
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floccose |
< tufted |
pubescence |
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Bearing tufts of soft, fine, capillate trichomes that rub off easily. |
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snail-shell-shaped |
= cochleate |
solid shape |
|
Relatively broad and short, basically round in transverse section, resembling a rapidly tapering spire overall, the exterior helically convoluted. |
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stomate |
= stomatal apparatus, stoma (broad sense) |
STRUCTURE |
|
A localized functional epidermal unit consisting of a microscopic pore and two encircling specialized cells, the guard cells, which, through changes of turgor pressure in response to environmental conditions, regulate the size of the pore and thus the rates of transpiration and gas exchange through it; the whole surrounded or not by associated, cytologically distinctive epidermal cells, the subsidiary or accessory cells, which, when present, are regularly oriented in relation to it. |
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tendril |
|
STRUCTURE |
|
A slender stem branch, modified leaf, or portion of a leaf that twines about a supporting structure. |
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leaf scar |
|
FEATURE |
|
A scar on a twig or stem due to abscission of a megaphyll; having an outline like that of a transverse section through the base of the petiole, sheath, or blade that was inserted there. |
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umbraculiform |
= umbrella-shaped |
solid shape |
|
Having a slender, elongate proximal axis and a very broad, meniscoid distal portion, the latter oriented with its convex face distal; like an umbrella. |
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scabrellate |
= scabrellous, scabridulous |
relief |
|
Minutely scabrous (rough, scabrate, scabrid, scabridous). See also spiculate, which is not clearly distinct in its application. |
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antrorse |
|
orientation |
|
Directed forward or upward, toward the distal end of the context of reference, parallel or at an acute angle to the bearing structure. |
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biconvex 1 |
= lens-shaped, lenticular |
plane shape |
|
Elongate, narrow, broadest at the middle, attenuate to acute ends, the sides convex; like the outline of a double-convex lens viewed from its edge. |
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muricate |
|
relief |
|
Having short, hard, more or less acute, transversely round protrusions overall. See also muriculate. |
|
caruncle |
= strophiole |
STRUCTURE |
|
An outgrowth from the seed coat (testa) around or near the hilum and micropyle, or from the raphe. |
|
pale 1 |
= palea, palet, receptacular bract |
STRUCTURE |
|
A small papery (chartaceous) to membranous bract borne on the compound receptacle of a capitulum (head) in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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cone-shaped |
= conic(al) |
apex |
|
Transversely round, essentially triangular in median longitudinal section, and broadest proximally. See also obconic(al). |
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pitcher-blade |
= ascidium, pitcher |
STRUCTURE |
|
A pitcher-shaped (ascidiform) leaf blade, sometimes lidded (operculate), usually carnivorous; esp. in Nepenthaceae, Sarraceniaceae. |
|
declined |
= inclined |
orientation |
|
Directed downward or backward. |
|
pyriform |
= pear-shaped |
solid shape |
|
Basically circular in transverse section, broadest toward one end, attenuate toward and much narrower at the other, both ends rounded; slenderly turbinate or obturbinate; like a pear. |
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ellipsoid(al) |
|
solid shape |
|
Elliptic in any median longitudinal section; elongate, transversely circular, broadest at the middle, and symmetrically convex-attenuate to rounded ends. See also oblong. |
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S-shaped 1 |
= sigmoid |
course |
|
Curved more or less regularly first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, like the letter S. |
|
fimbrillate |
= fine-fringed |
margin |
|
Finely fimbriate (fringed). |
|
sickle-shaped 1 |
= falcate |
plane shape |
|
Elongate and laterally arcuate with the lateral edges more or less concentric, the degree of curvature decreasing distally or not; like the outline of the face of a sickle blade. |
|
glochid |
= glochidium; < bristle, capillus, hair, seta, trichome |
STRUCTURE |
|
A capillus (hair) or bristle (seta) that bears one or more barbs; esp. in Cactaceae. |
