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needle |
< leaf, macrophyll (not recommended), megaphyll |
STRUCTURE |
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A relatively stiff, compressed-acerose leaf; in Pinophyta. |
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galeiform |
= galeate, helmet-shaped |
solid shape |
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Convex overall with a more or less smoothly curved apex, relatively thin-walled and essentially hollow with the interior open to one side below the distal portion; resembling a helmet. See also cuculliform (cucullate, hood-shaped), which overlaps conceptually. |
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bent |
= flexed |
solid shape |
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Having an abrupt bend at some point along its length. See also declinate (inclinate), geniculate (kneed), inflexed, reflexed. |
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sinistrorse |
= leftward |
orientation |
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Directed to the left, relative to the direction of growth along an explicit or implicit axis of reference. See also dextrorse (rightward). |
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carpophore 3 |
= columella; < stalk |
STRUCTURE |
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The stalk supporting a mericarp after dehiscence of a schizocarpic fruit, the central axis of the fruit having split longitudinally to yield two or four such stalks; composed of receptacular and (primarily) gynoecial tissues; esp. in Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). |
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craspedodromous, mixed- |
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venation |
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Having a midvein that branches to either side along the length of the lamina, the secondary veins running thence toward the margin, some becoming indistinct before reaching it, others terminating there. |
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phyllary |
= involucral bract; < bract (broad sense) |
STRUCTURE |
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One of the bracts composing the involucre of a capitulum (head); in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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lancehead-shaped 1 |
= lanceolate |
plane shape |
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Elongate, moderately narrow, broadest just above the base and gradually attenuate toward the apex, the sides more or less straight; like the outline of the broad lateral face of a lance head. See also oblanceolate. |
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tholiform |
= dome-shaped |
solid shape |
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Convex overall, broadest at the base, and transversely more or less circular to elliptical throughout. |
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antrorse |
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orientation |
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Directed forward or upward, toward the distal end of the context of reference, parallel or at an acute angle to the bearing structure. |
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sawtoothed |
= serrate |
margin |
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Having regularly spaced, angular convexities oriented at an acute angle to the generalized perimeter. See also scalloped (crenate), small-scalloped (crenulate), small-sawtoothed (serrulate), small-toothed (denticulate), toothed (dentate). |
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orbiculate |
= round; orbicular misapplied |
plane shape |
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Circular. |
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square |
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plane shape |
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Equilaterally rectangular. |
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cochleate |
= snail-shell-shaped |
solid shape |
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Relatively broad and short, basically round in transverse section, resembling a rapidly tapering spire overall, the exterior helically convoluted; like a snail shell. |
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determinate |
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development |
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Having the terminal (central, apical, or distal) portion differentiating first and the lateral (peripheral, basal, or proximal) portions later, development thus proceeding sequentially downward or outward, growth of the whole thereby organizationally limited. |
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primary vein |
> costa, midnerve (not recommended), midrib, midvein, rib; >< lateral vein |
STRUCTURE |
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A strand belonging to the first order of vasculature in a leaf or other basically laminar structure. See also secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
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lunate |
= crescent-shaped |
plane shape |
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Arcuate, broadest at the middle, and attenuate to acute ends; like the stylized outline of a first-quarter moon. |
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foveolate |
= fine-pitted, scrobiculate |
relief |
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Finely foveate (pitted). |
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barb 2 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A trichome terminated by one or two small, relatively short, stiff, sharp, acutely reflexed appendages. |
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setose |
= hispid; < bristly |
pubescence |
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Bearing relatively long and slender, more or less straight, terete, fine-pointed, stiff trichomes. See also setulose (hispidulous, small-bristly). |
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coriaceous |
= leathery |
texture |
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Moderately thick, tough, and very pliable. |
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suborbicular |
= subglobose, subrotund, subspheric(al), subspheroid(al) |
solid shape |
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Broadly ellipsoid with a length:width ratio closely approaching 1:1; almost orbicular, slightly longer than broad. |
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knee root |
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STRUCTURE |
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A specialized secondary root of a wetland tree, a portion of which projects above mean water level and appears to bend as a leg does at the knee, its distalmost portion being anchored in the substrate beneath the water. The knee of the root is commonly regarded as a conduit for gas exchange between root interior and atmosphere, a function whose need is posited on the basis of the highly anaerobic and saturated conditions prevailing in wetland substrates. |
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rank |
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FEATURE |
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A sequence of lateral structures arising from the same axis at successive points along its length and diverging from it in the same direction. |
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androphore |
>< stalk |
STRUCTURE |
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A stalk or tube that rises above the level of perianth insertion and bears the distinct portions of the androecium from its summit; as in Malvaceae, where the androphore is a tube formed by connation of the filaments. |
