|
hoary |
= canescent |
pubescence |
|
Densely covered with gray, fine, relatively short, capillate trichomes. |
|
canalicular |
|
position |
|
Upon or otherwise directly associated with the channel of a petiole or petiolule. |
|
stolon |
= runner |
STRUCTURE |
|
A slender stem that grows horizontally upon or just beneath the ground surface, rooting at the nodes and giving rise to erect shoot segments at some nodes and/or at its apex. |
|
dissected |
? cleft, divided, lobate, lobed, parted, partite, segmented |
solid shape |
|
Having two or more component sectors or peripheral protrusions that are delimited by concavities in the surface or margin and that are not proximally distinct from the remainder of the whole. The meanings of this term and its approximate synonyms sometimes have been supposed to differ according to the depth of the delimiting concavities relative to the midline or midpoint of the overall structure, and/or to the shape or proportions of the protusions or sectors; however, there has been little consistency in the applications of the various terms according to such distinctions, which are ones only of degree and are necessarily arbitrary in any case. In general usage, these terms differ only indistinctly and connotatively: cleft, lobed (or lobate), parted (or partite) and segmented tend to connote fewer protrusions or sectors; lobate usually connotes as well a generally rounded shape; dissected tends to connote more numerous sectors that are elongate and angular. See also cut (incised, lacerate, torn), laciniate (slashed). |
|
punctate 1 |
= dotted |
coloration |
|
Having small, round, clear or colored spots that contrast with the ground color. See also puncticulate (small-dotted). |
|
triquetrous |
= three-angled, trigonous; > deltoid, obdeltoid |
solid shape |
|
Elongate with three sides that meet at acute or obtuse angles. |
|
membranaceous |
= membranous |
texture |
|
Extremely thin, pliable, and fairly tough; like animal membrane. See also chartaceous (papery, papyraceous), pergamentaceous (parchment-like). |
|
…segmented |
? …cleft, …fid, …lobate, …lobed, …parted, …partite |
plane shape |
|
Having the number of segments indicated by the prefix; as in ten-segmented. |
|
gibbous |
|
solid shape |
|
Bulging unilaterally near the base. |
|
crista pl. cristae |
= crest |
STRUCTURE |
|
A laterally elongate, relatively thin, irregular or notched, apical protrusion. |
|
internode |
|
STRUCTURE |
|
Any portion of a stem between two successive nodes. |
|
cirrhous |
|
apex |
|
Having a narrow spiral tip that is a continuation of the central primary vein. |
|
suprafoliar |
|
position |
|
Upon the stems, each directly above (distal to) and very near a point of leaf insertion. |
|
epidermal cell |
|
STRUCTURE |
|
Any of the unspecialized cells of an epidermis; i.e., any other than stomatal guard cells or cells directly associated with trichomes. While the latter specialized cells are also properly epidermal cells, they are treated separately for descriptive purposes and, for the sake of convenience, use of the general term is restricted to the unspecialized cells that constitute the bulk of an epidermis. |
|
rhizoid |
|
STRUCTURE |
|
Any structure that is similar to a root in appearance and function but that is not a true root ontogenetically and anatomically, especially one produced from a gametophyte thallus. |
|
non-porous |
|
porosity |
|
Lacking vessels, the tracheary elements limited to tracheids and, sometimes, fiber-tracheids. |
|
base |
|
CHARACTER |
|
Configuration of the lowermost or proximal portion of a structure, its extent determined somewhat subjectively in relation to the shape of the structure as a whole. The concept of base varies from one descriptive context to another, since the base is not a clearly delimited, morphologically distinct entity. The terms for describing basal condition are not strictly coordinate logically — some are more inclusive than others, and some describe conditions involving what can be regarded as appendages — and precise characterization may require using more than one descriptor. The semantic antecedent of some descriptors is "base," whereas the antecedent of others is the structure as a whole (e.g., leaf ). |
|
scabrellate |
= scabrellous, scabridulous |
relief |
|
Minutely scabrous (rough, scabrate, scabrid, scabridous). See also spiculate, which is not clearly distinct in its application. |
|
staminode |
= staminodium |
STRUCTURE |
|
Any sterile structure deemed to represent a modified stamen, homology being inferred on the basis of structural similarity, ontogeny, and/or position; sometimes petaloid, sometimes nectariferous, sometimes connate with others or adnate to other floral structures. |
|
pistillode |
= pistillodium |
STRUCTURE |
|
Any sterile structure deemed to represent a modified pistil, homology being inferred on the basis of structural similarity, ontogeny, and/or position; sometimes nectariferous, sometimes connate with others or adnate to other floral structures. |
|
…-toothed 2 |
= …dentate |
margin |
|
Having the number of orders of teeth (dentes) indicated by the prefix, one upon another; as in twice-toothed. See also …-sawtoothed (…serrate), …-scalloped (…crenate). |
|
filament |
|
STRUCTURE |
|
The stalk, when present, of a stamen, clearly differentiated from and bearing at its summit an anther. |
|
scape |
|
STRUCTURE |
|
A leafless, essentially naked, inflorescence-bearing stem (or peduncle) arising directly from a caudex or rhizome, its point of insertion slightly beneath, at, or slightly above the substrate surface. |
|
pale 2 |
= palea, palet |
STRUCTURE |
|
The upper or distal of the (usually) two distinctive bracts immediately subtending the flower in a grass (Poaceae) spikelet. |
|
bundled 2 (not recommended) |
= fascicled, fasciculate |
arrangement |
|
Disposed in one or more fascicles, the members of each inserted close together and only slightly if at all divergent from one another. |
