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pyrene 2 |
= stone |
STRUCTURE |
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The hard seed of a drupelet; esp. in Rosaceae. |
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barbel |
= barbella |
STRUCTURE |
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A small barb. |
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midvein |
= midnerve, midrib; < costa, nerve, rib, vein |
STRUCTURE |
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A primary vein that runs longitudinally through the center of a leaf or other basically laminar structure. See also lateral vein, secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
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squama pl. squamae |
= lepis; < scale, trichome |
STRUCTURE |
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A relatively thick, planate trichome. See also squamella (squamule). |
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spine |
= thorn |
STRUCTURE |
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Any sharp, stiff, simple or branched, woody appendage having vascular tissues confluent with those of the bearing structure. "Spine" is often preferred when the appendage is homologous with a leaf or stipule, and "thorn" when it is homologous with a branch. See also prickle. |
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ligule 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A strap-shaped enation from or distal portion of a structure. |
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vallecula pl. valleculae |
= colpus, fossula, furrow, groove, sulcus |
STRUCTURE |
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A longitudinal depression that is relatively shallow and narrow; esp. in fruits of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). |
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macrophyll (not recommended) |
= leaf, megaphyll; > frond, needle |
STRUCTURE |
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A principal, vegetative shoot organ borne laterally from a stem node; its vascular tissues, if any, continuous with those of the stem; undergoing no significant secondary growth; usually more or less bilaterally symmetrical; comprising a distal, usually laminar blade and/or a proximal stalk (petiole) or sheath; usually a primary site of photosynthesis. |
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epidermal cell |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any of the unspecialized cells of an epidermis; i.e., any other than stomatal guard cells or cells directly associated with trichomes. While the latter specialized cells are also properly epidermal cells, they are treated separately for descriptive purposes and, for the sake of convenience, use of the general term is restricted to the unspecialized cells that constitute the bulk of an epidermis. |
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stomate |
= stomatal apparatus, stoma (broad sense) |
STRUCTURE |
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A localized functional epidermal unit consisting of a microscopic pore and two encircling specialized cells, the guard cells, which, through changes of turgor pressure in response to environmental conditions, regulate the size of the pore and thus the rates of transpiration and gas exchange through it; the whole surrounded or not by associated, cytologically distinctive epidermal cells, the subsidiary or accessory cells, which, when present, are regularly oriented in relation to it. |
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tendril |
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STRUCTURE |
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A slender stem branch, modified leaf, or portion of a leaf that twines about a supporting structure. |
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caruncle |
= strophiole |
STRUCTURE |
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An outgrowth from the seed coat (testa) around or near the hilum and micropyle, or from the raphe. |
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pale 1 |
= palea, palet, receptacular bract |
STRUCTURE |
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A small papery (chartaceous) to membranous bract borne on the compound receptacle of a capitulum (head) in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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pitcher-blade |
= ascidium, pitcher |
STRUCTURE |
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A pitcher-shaped (ascidiform) leaf blade, sometimes lidded (operculate), usually carnivorous; esp. in Nepenthaceae, Sarraceniaceae. |
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glochid |
= glochidium; < bristle, capillus, hair, seta, trichome |
STRUCTURE |
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A capillus (hair) or bristle (seta) that bears one or more barbs; esp. in Cactaceae. |
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androphore |
>< stalk |
STRUCTURE |
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A stalk or tube that rises above the level of perianth insertion and bears the distinct portions of the androecium from its summit; as in Malvaceae, where the androphore is a tube formed by connation of the filaments. |
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barbella pl. barbellae |
= barbel |
STRUCTURE |
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A small barb. |
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cucullus pl. cuculli |
= hood |
STRUCTURE |
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A cucullate (cuculliform) structure or component, esp. in an inflorescence or flower. |
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pseudopetiole |
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STRUCTURE |
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A distinctly constricted, more or less stalk-like, proximal portion of a leaf, evolutionarily derived from the blade, the original petiole reduced to the point of absence or vestigiality; esp. in Poaceae (Gramineae). |
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septum pl. septa |
> dissepiment, replum, trabecula |
STRUCTURE |
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A topologically and/or texturally distinct wall or partition that separates chambers or locules within an ovary, fruit or sporangium. |
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galea pl. galeae, galeas |
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STRUCTURE |
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A galeate (galeiform, helmet-shaped) sepal or petal in a zygomorphic calyx or corolla, differing markedly in shape from and sometimes partially enclosing the other sepals or petals. |
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primary axis |
> ray |
STRUCTURE |
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A main or first-order axis within any specified, uniformly delimited structural context. |
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throat 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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The far distal portion of a perianth, calyx, or corolla tube, or of a leaf sheath, surrounding the orifice of the tube or sheath, sometimes constricted relative to the diameter of the main body of the tube or sheath; except in disc florets of Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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ligule 2 |
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STRUCTURE |
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An adaxial, distal enation from a leaf sheath, especially in most grasses (Poaceae) and sedges (Cyperaceae); usually unitary and membranous, sometimes instead consisting of a row of ciliate processes. See also hastula. |
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umbrella-shaped |
= umbraculiform |
solid shape |
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Having a slender, elongate proximal axis and a very broad, meniscoid distal portion, the latter oriented with its convex face distal; like an umbrella. |
