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seed coat |
= testa |
STRUCTURE |
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The outer protective layer of a seed, developed from the ovular integument(s). |
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epidermal cell |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any of the unspecialized cells of an epidermis; i.e., any other than stomatal guard cells or cells directly associated with trichomes. While the latter specialized cells are also properly epidermal cells, they are treated separately for descriptive purposes and, for the sake of convenience, use of the general term is restricted to the unspecialized cells that constitute the bulk of an epidermis. |
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macrosporangium pl. macrosporangia (not recommended) |
= megasporangium |
STRUCTURE |
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A sporangium that produces megaspores. |
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pollen sac |
= theca |
STRUCTURE |
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Any of the one, two or four ontogenetically distinct, pollen-producing sectors (microsporangia) of an anther. In some taxa the walls between pairs of adjacent thecae break down as an anther approaches maturity, the mature anther thus ultimately containing half as many locules as thecae. |
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raphe |
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STRUCTURE |
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That portion of the funicle adnate to the integument of an anatropous ovule; represented by a longitudinal ridge or other discontinuity in the surface and/or color of the testa on one side of the mature seed. |
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caruncle |
= strophiole |
STRUCTURE |
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An outgrowth from the seed coat (testa) around or near the hilum and micropyle, or from the raphe. |
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glochid |
= glochidium; < bristle, capillus, hair, seta, trichome |
STRUCTURE |
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A capillus (hair) or bristle (seta) that bears one or more barbs; esp. in Cactaceae. |
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palea 1 pl. paleae, paleas |
= pale, palet, receptacular bract |
STRUCTURE |
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A small papery (chartaceous) to membranous bract borne on the compound receptacle (torus) of a capitulum (head) in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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androphore |
>< stalk |
STRUCTURE |
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A stalk or tube that rises above the level of perianth insertion and bears the distinct portions of the androecium from its summit; as in Malvaceae, where the androphore is a tube formed by connation of the filaments. |
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barbella pl. barbellae |
= barbel |
STRUCTURE |
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A small barb. |
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cucullus pl. cuculli |
= hood |
STRUCTURE |
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A cucullate (cuculliform) structure or component, esp. in an inflorescence or flower. |
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galea pl. galeae, galeas |
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STRUCTURE |
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A galeate (galeiform, helmet-shaped) sepal or petal in a zygomorphic calyx or corolla, differing markedly in shape from and sometimes partially enclosing the other sepals or petals. |
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root 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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Collectively, all those portions of a plant body that are anatomically distinct from the shoot, the component axes not differentiated into nodes and internodes, and branching endogenously. |
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squamella 3 pl. squamellae |
= lodicule, squamule |
STRUCTURE |
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One of two or three small, scale-like structures inserted at the base of the androecium, distal to the palea, in most grass (Poaceae) flowers; often regarded as a vestigial branch or perianth member. |
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integument |
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STRUCTURE |
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A distinct layer of tissue that encloses and serves to protect the other tissues of an organ, especially a seed. |
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primary vein |
> costa, midnerve (not recommended), midrib, midvein, rib; >< lateral vein |
STRUCTURE |
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A strand belonging to the first order of vasculature in a leaf or other basically laminar structure. See also secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
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ligule 3 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A relatively small, attenuate, membranous, laminar enation from the adaxial surface of a leaf near its base; in Selaginella, Isoetes. |
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seed leaf |
= cotyledon |
STRUCTURE |
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Any of the one or more primary foliar structures of an embryonic seed plant, proximal to all succeeding leaf primordia; sometimes serving as a storage organ for food reserves in the seed, as in peas and beans. |
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areole 1 |
= areola |
STRUCTURE |
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Any distinctive surficial discontinuity of generally circular outline, whether concave, flush, or convex; when protuberant, sometimes bearing trichomes or spines, as in some Cactaceae. This term is used only when such entities are deemed structurally distinctive enough to merit description in their own rights, rather than as aspects of the surface. |
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bracteole 1 |
= bractlet; < bract |
STRUCTURE |
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A diminutive bract, or a bract that is smaller than others present. |
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corniculum pl. cornicula |
= horn |
STRUCTURE |
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A straight or curved, slenderly conic or conoidal protrusion or terminal portion that resembles an animal horn. |
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epidermis pl. epidermides, epidermises |
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STRUCTURE |
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The anatomically distinct, outermost, living tissue that encloses and protects the other tissues of a plant organ or part, usually overlaid by an exuded waxy cuticle; resulting from primary growth, disrupted and shed as a consequence of secondary growth if that occurs; consisting mainly of cells not further specialized, otherwise including various types of more specialized cells associated with trichomes and stomates. |
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macrospore (not recommended) |
= megaspore |
STRUCTURE |
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A female spore; a spore of the larger of two types produced by the sporophytes of a heterosporous taxon; produced in a megasporangium; giving rise upon germination to a megagametophyte. |
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paraphysis pl. paraphyses |
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STRUCTURE |
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An elongate, multicellular, sterile structure borne between sporangia within a sorus; in Polypodiophyta. |
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pollinarium pl. pollinaria |
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STRUCTURE |
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A pollinium together with, when present, its stipe and viscidium; the entire unit of pollinium dispersal. |
