corolla pl. corollae, corollas |
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STRUCTURE |
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Collectively, the petals of a flower, whether distinct or connate; the inner or distal envelope of a differentiated perianth, whether the other envelope (calyx) is actually present or is deemed to be absent due to evolutionary reduction. |
ray floret |
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STRUCTURE |
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A floret that has a zygomorphic corolla, is pistillate (either fertile or sterile) or neuter, and is borne in a radiate capitulum (head) peripheral (proximal) to the disc florets; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
gynophore |
= hypogynium; < stalk, stipe (broad sense, not recommended) |
STRUCTURE |
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The basal portion of an ovary when constricted and stalk-like above the level of perianth insertion, bearing the main body of the pistil at its summit. |
spore |
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STRUCTURE |
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A simple, usually unicellular, sometimes oligocellular propagule derived by meiotic division of a diploid (2n chromosomes) sporocyte within a sporangium, thus of haploid (n chromosomes) genetic constitution. A spore constitutes the first ontogenetic stage of a gametophytic generation and gives rise to a usually multicellular gametophyte upon germination. Though technically present in seed-bearing plants, by itself it is descriptively significant only in those taxa that do not produce seeds. |
lip cell |
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STRUCTURE |
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Either of a pair of adjacent, narrow, transversely oriented, thick-walled cells bordering the pore (stomium) of a sporangium. |
flower |
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STRUCTURE |
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A functionally integrated, complex structure comprising sets of sporophytic and/or associated sterile structures disposed in standard sequence along a common axis; consisting of one or more constituent members each of, in ascending (proximal to distal) order of insertion, perianth (tepals, or else sepals and/or petals), androecium (stamens, staminodes and/or other associated structures), and/or gynoecium (pistils and/or other associated structures), the foregoing all borne laterally from the distal portion (receptacle) of the axis; depending upon the combination of structures present, may be bisexual, staminate only, pistillate only, or sterile; characteristic of and unique to the Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae). When a fertile androecium and gynoecium are both present a flower is termed perfect. When perfect and also with calyx and corolla both present, a flower is termed complete. Both terms are somewhat archaic and of limited descriptive value. |
areola 1 pl. areolae |
= areole |
STRUCTURE |
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Any distinctive surficial discontinuity of generally circular outline, whether concave, flush, or convex; when protuberant, sometimes bearing trichomes or spines, as in some Cactaceae. This term is used only when such entities are deemed structurally distinctive enough to merit description in their own rights, rather than as aspects of the surface. |
midvein |
= midnerve, midrib; < costa, nerve, rib, vein |
STRUCTURE |
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A primary vein that runs longitudinally through the center of a leaf or other basically laminar structure. See also lateral vein, secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
chaff 2 |
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STRUCTURE |
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Collectively, the glumes, lemmata, and paleae of mature spikelets; in Poaceae (Gramineae). |
disc 2 var. disk |
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STRUCTURE |
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Collectively, the disc florets of a capitulum (head), or the surface presented by them. |
bractlet 2 |
= bracteole, prophyll(um); < bract |
STRUCTURE |
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A second- or higher-order bract within, and subtending some portion of, an aggregate branching structure, especially when subtending a flower. |
disc floret |
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STRUCTURE |
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A floret that has an actinomorphic corolla, is bisexual, functionally staminate, or functionally pistillate, and is borne in a radiate, discoid, disciform, or radiant capitulum (head) interior (distal) to any peripheral series of differing florets that may be present; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
flagellum pl. flagella |
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STRUCTURE |
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A very slender whip-like structure that extends from the main body of an antherozoid and, by active undulation, propels the cell through a liquid medium. |
secondary vein |
< lateral vein |
STRUCTURE |
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A strand belonging to the second order of vasculature in a leaf or other basically laminar structure, except when that is the ultimate order (consisting of veinlets); branching directly from a primary vein or, with undiminished diameter, from another strand of the second order. See also costa, primary vein, rib, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
column 1 |
= gynandrium, gynostemium |
STRUCTURE |
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A central floral structure consisting of the partly to wholly fused (connate and adnate) androecium and gynoecium; esp. in Orchidaceae. |
infructescence 2 (not recommended) |
= coenocarp, multiple fruit, syncarp; > fig, syconium |
STRUCTURE |
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A compound fruit derived from the connate or coherent ovaries and accessory tissue(s), if any, of two or more adjacent flowers. |
caruncle |
= strophiole |
STRUCTURE |
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An outgrowth from the seed coat (testa) around or near the hilum and micropyle, or from the raphe. |
vallecula pl. valleculae |
= colpus, fossula, furrow, groove, sulcus |
STRUCTURE |
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A longitudinal depression that is relatively shallow and narrow; esp. in fruits of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). |
fertile frond |
< spore leaf, sporophyll |
STRUCTURE |
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A frond that bears sporangia; in Polypodiophyta. See also sterile frond (trophophyll). |
macrosporophyll (not recommended) |
= megasporophyll; > carpel, cone scale, ovuliferous scale |
STRUCTURE |
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A sporophyll that bears only megasporangia and, in Pinophyta, naked ovules that develop subsequently. |
corolla tube 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A relatively narrow, fully connate portion of a sympetalous (gamopetalous) corolla proximal to a broader portion (limb) that comprises the distinct or connate distal portions of the petals; except in bisexual or staminate disc florets of Asteraceae (Compositae). |
labellum pl. labella |
< labium, lip |
STRUCTURE |
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The third petal of a tripetalous flower when distinctively different from the other two, usually enlarged relative to them and/or differently shaped or colored, usually apparently the abaxial (lower) petal of the three due to resupination during ontogenesis; esp. in Orchidaceae. |
receptacle 1 |
= torus |
STRUCTURE |
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The relatively short, simple, axial structure surmounting a pedicel and basal to the flower, usually broader than the pedicel. |
gynostegium pl. gynostegia |
< corona |
STRUCTURE |
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An androecial corona, typically consisting of distinct hood- and/or horn-shaped enations that rise above the anthers; esp. in Asclepiadaceae. |
spore body |
= sporocarp |
STRUCTURE |
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A multicellular structure that bears and more or less encloses several to (usually) many sporangia, the latter often aggregated into sori within it See also megasporocarp (macrosporocarp, not recommended), microsporocarp. |