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infructescence 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A mature (fruiting) inflorescence (static sense). |
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stoma 1 (broad sense) pl. stomata |
= stomatal apparatus, stomate |
STRUCTURE |
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A localized functional epidermal unit consisting of a microscopic pore and two encircling specialized cells, the guard cells, which, through changes of turgor pressure in response to environmental conditions, regulate the size of the pore and thus the rates of transpiration and gas exchange through it; the whole surrounded or not by associated, cytologically distinctive epidermal cells, the subsidiary or accessory cells, which, when present, are regularly oriented in relation to it. |
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carpophore 1 |
< stalk |
STRUCTURE |
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The stalk supporting a sporocarp. |
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ovuliferous scale |
< cone scale, macrosporophyll (not recommended), megasporophyll |
STRUCTURE |
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A fertile scale in a female cone (megastrobilus), bearing one or two naked ovules, and subsequently seed(s), subtended by and borne closely upon a sterile, fleshy or woody scale sometimes termed a bract scale; in Pinophyta. |
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filament |
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STRUCTURE |
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The stalk, when present, of a stamen, clearly differentiated from and bearing at its summit an anther. |
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shoot 2 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A vascularized axis that is differentiated into nodes and internodes and that branches exogenously from the former, together with any non-axial structures borne from it. |
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tuber |
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STRUCTURE |
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An enlarged, basically subterranean stem segment or thallus outgrowth containing a high proportion of storage tissue and functioning as a perennating and often vegetatively propagative structure. |
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androgynophore |
< stalk |
STRUCTURE |
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A stalk that rises above the level of perianth insertion and bears the free portions of both androecium and gynoecium from its summit; as in Passifloraceae. |
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barb 2 |
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STRUCTURE |
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A trichome terminated by one or two small, relatively short, stiff, sharp, acutely reflexed appendages. |
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microsporophyll |
> cone scale |
STRUCTURE |
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A sporophyll that bears only microsporangia. |
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translator arm |
= caudicle |
STRUCTURE |
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An attenuate end portion by which a pollinium adheres to a pollinating insect, either directly or by means of a terminal viscidium, the latter, when present, sometimes attached by an intervening stipe; esp. in Asclepiadaceae, Orchidaceae. |
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cladode |
= cladophyll, phylloclade |
STRUCTURE |
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A stem segment that functions as a leaf; often more or less compressed. |
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secondary root |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any root branch that originates directly or indirectly from a primary root. |
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hastula pl. hastulae, hastulas |
= ligule misapplied |
STRUCTURE |
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An outgrowth or enation from the petiole apex at its junction with the adaxial surface of a palmate leaf blade; often woody in texture; variously shaped, its adaxial outline usually resembling an inverted V or U, or a semicircle with the opening proximal; esp. in Arecaceae (Palmae). |
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infructescence 2 (not recommended) |
= coenocarp, multiple fruit, syncarp; > fig, syconium |
STRUCTURE |
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A compound fruit derived from the connate or coherent ovaries and accessory tissue(s), if any, of two or more adjacent flowers. |
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thorn |
= spine |
STRUCTURE |
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Any sharp, stiff, simple or branched, woody appendage having vascular tissues confluent with those of the bearing structure. "Spine" is often preferred when the appendage is homologous with a leaf or stipule, and "thorn" when it is homologous with a branch. See also prickle. |
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bract 1 (broad sense) |
> bracteole, bractlet, phyllary, prophyll(um); >< scale |
STRUCTURE |
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Any lateral structure ontogenetically and anatomically analogous with, and therefore presumably homologous with, but relatively smaller than, a leaf, especially when subtending an inflorescence, other reproductive structure, or portion thereof; putatively, an evolutionarily reduced leaf. |
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epicalyx pl. epicalyces |
= calyculus |
STRUCTURE |
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A whorl of bracts immediately subtending (beneath or outside) a calyx. |
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xylem |
= wood |
STRUCTURE |
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The water-conducting and usually main supporting tissue of a plant or portion thereof, characterized by the presence of tracheary elements (tracheids and sometimes vessel elements); the lignified tissue of a plant or component structure, composed almost entirely of secondary tissue, i.e., that derived by secondary or lateral growth from a cambium in structures a season or more old. See also sapwood, heartwood. |
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carpophore 2 |
= columella; < stalk |
STRUCTURE |
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Any pedestal-like prolongation of a floral receptacle extending beyond the distalmost level of perianth insertion and bearing the gynoecium. |
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pistillode |
= pistillodium |
STRUCTURE |
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Any sterile structure deemed to represent a modified pistil, homology being inferred on the basis of structural similarity, ontogeny, and/or position; sometimes nectariferous, sometimes connate with others or adnate to other floral structures. |
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short-shoot |
= spur |
STRUCTURE |
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A first- or higher-order woody stem branch having relatively unelongated internodes, thus proximate nodes, and limited duration of growth, usually branching little if at all; often a main locus of flower production; usually more or less perpendicular to the axis that bears it and resembling a spur projecting from it; sometimes becoming more or less spinose after elongation ceases; esp. in Rosaceae. |
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staminodium pl. staminodia |
= staminode |
STRUCTURE |
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Any sterile structure deemed to represent a modified stamen, homology being inferred on the basis of structural similarity, ontogeny, and/or position; sometimes petaloid, sometimes nectariferous, sometimes connate with others or adnate to other floral structures. |
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horn |
= corniculum |
STRUCTURE |
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A straight or curved, slenderly conic or conoidal protrusion or terminal portion that resembles an animal horn. |
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microstrobilus |
= male cone |
STRUCTURE |
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A strobilus (cone) whose fertile organs are all microsporophylls. |
