radix pl. radices |
= root |
STRUCTURE |
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A vascularized axis that is not internally differentiated into nodes and internodes and that branches endogenously, serving for anchorage, absorption and/or storage; collectively, all those portions of a plant body not belonging (anatomically) to the shoot. See also adventitious root, climbing root, diffuse root, knee root, primary root, prop root, secondary root, stilt root. |
taproot |
< primary root |
STRUCTURE |
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A primary root that remains dominant through the life of the plant as the main axis of a vertically oriented system that penetrates the substrate to a considerable depth. |
ligule 4 |
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STRUCTURE |
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The distal, relatively flat portion of the zygomorphic corolla of a ligulate floret, terminating in 5 teeth or lobes; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
mericarp |
= coccus |
STRUCTURE |
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One of the segments of a dehisced schizocarp; usually one-seeded and itself indehiscent. |
gland |
> nectary |
STRUCTURE |
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An anatomically distinct multicellular structure that produces and exudes a particular substance, or resembles those that do. |
palet 1 |
= pale, palea, receptacular bract |
STRUCTURE |
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A small papery (chartaceous) to membranous bract borne on the compound receptacle (torus) of a capitulum (head) in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
indusium pl. indusia |
|
STRUCTURE |
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A protective membrane that is an outgrowth from the epidermis and covers a sorus during its maturation; in Polypodiophyta. |
sucker |
> turion |
STRUCTURE |
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A shoot arising adventitiously from a root or stem below or at ground level. |
cell 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any of the basic structural/functional units that collectively or individually make up the various tissues of a plant; comprising, at least while physiologically active, a nucleus with included genetic material (chromosomes), a surrounding cytoplasm with included organelles (e.g., ribosomes, mitochondria, plastids), an enclosing membrane, and an exterior cellulosic wall. |
lamina 1 pl. laminae |
= blade |
STRUCTURE |
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The expanded, more or less planate, distal portion, when present, of a leaf, leaflet or bract. |
wing 2 |
= ala |
STRUCTURE |
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One of the two lateral petals in a papilionaceous corolla. |
squamella 3 pl. squamellae |
= lodicule, squamule |
STRUCTURE |
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One of two or three small, scale-like structures inserted at the base of the androecium, distal to the palea, in most grass (Poaceae) flowers; often regarded as a vestigial branch or perianth member. |
keel 2 |
= carina |
STRUCTURE |
|
Collectively, the two relatively small, connate or coherent, abaxial (lower) petals that form the keel-like portion of a papilionaceous corolla. |
annulus 1 pl. annuli |
|
STRUCTURE |
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A small ring-like protrusion from the strobilar stalk near its base and below the lowermost sporangiophores, sometimes bearing small sporangia; esp. in Equisetum. |
plumule |
= epicotyl |
STRUCTURE |
|
A distinguishable nascent shoot developed in the embryo in some taxa, consisting of a shoot axis with unexpanded internodes and one or more leaf primordia, being that portion of the embryo above the level of cotyledon insertion; the primordial shoot, when developed by the embryo within a seed; the first bud of a spermatophyte, when developed by an embryo within the seed. In other taxa the shoot is represented in the embryo only by a quiescent apical meristem at the summit of the embryonic axis. |
vascular bundle |
|
STRUCTURE |
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A discrete strand of conducting tissues (xylem, phloem) and associated cells (e.g., cambium) within a stem or other axial structure. |
banner |
= standard, vexillum |
STRUCTURE |
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The relatively large, erect adaxial (upper) petal in a papilionaceous corolla. |
nucellus pl. nucelli |
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STRUCTURE |
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The distinct, genetically diploid tissue layer immediately surrounding the embryo sac of an ovule; often considered equivalent to a megasporangium wall. |
epicalyx pl. epicalyces |
= calyculus |
STRUCTURE |
|
A whorl of bracts immediately subtending (beneath or outside) a calyx. |
palet 2 |
= pale, palea |
STRUCTURE |
|
The upper or distal of the (usually) two distinctive bracts immediately subtending the flower in a grass (Poaceae) spikelet. |
lamina 2 pl. laminae |
= ray |
STRUCTURE |
|
The distal, relatively flat portion of the zygomorphic corolla of a ray floret, terminating in 0--4 teeth or lobes; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
sapwood |
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STRUCTURE |
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That portion of the wood (xylem) of a stem or root whose cells are still living and functional; concentric about the heartwood once the latter has begun to form. |
cilium 1 pl. cilia |
> capillus, hair; >< trichome |
STRUCTURE |
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A hair-like trichome or other surficial process. |
annulus 2 pl. annuli |
|
STRUCTURE |
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A row of protruding specialized sporangial wall cells that extends upward from the base of the sporangium and over its apex, thus forming an incomplete circumferential ring; esp. in Polypodiophyta. The inner and radial walls of the annular cells are markedly thickened and the structure functions as a spore-releasing and -disseminating mechanism as a result of differential stresses developed within the mature sporangial wall upon desiccation. |
trophophyll |
= sterile frond |
STRUCTURE |
|
A frond that does not bear sporangia; in Polypodiophyta. See also fertile frond. |