caruncle |
= strophiole |
STRUCTURE |
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An outgrowth from the seed coat (testa) around or near the hilum and micropyle, or from the raphe. |
hypogynium pl. hypogynia |
= gynophore; < stalk, stipe (broad sense, not recommended) |
STRUCTURE |
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The basal portion of an ovary when constricted and stalk-like above the level of perianth insertion, bearing the main body of the pistil at its summit; in Cyperaceae. |
prickle |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any unvascularized spine-like enation originating in the epidermis, cortex, or mesophyll of any shoot part. See also spine, thorn. |
coleorhiza |
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STRUCTURE |
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A sheath-like structure enclosing the radicle (embryonic root) in an embryo; esp. in Poaceae (Gramineae). |
dyad |
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STRUCTURE |
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A pair of coherent pollen grains shed as a unit. |
cotyledon |
= seed leaf |
STRUCTURE |
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Any of the one or more primary foliar structures of an embryonic seed plant, proximal to all succeeding leaf primordia; sometimes serving as a storage organ for food reserves in the seed, as in peas and beans. |
pneumatophore |
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STRUCTURE |
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A structurally and functionally specialized root serving as an aboveground aerating organ; found in some woody taxa of wet habitats, notably some mangroves. |
cladode |
= cladophyll, phylloclade |
STRUCTURE |
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A stem segment that functions as a leaf; often more or less compressed. |
mesochilium |
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STRUCTURE |
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The central portion of a labellum (lip) that has distinct proximal, distal, and central parts; in Orchidaceae. See also epichilium, hypochilium. |
sorus pl. sori |
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STRUCTURE |
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A cluster of sporangia borne upon a fertile frond, usually on its abaxial surface; often covered during maturation by a protective membrane, the indusium, that is an outgrowth from the epidermis; in Polypodiophyta. |
crozier |
= fiddlehead |
STRUCTURE |
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A circinate leaf (frond) prior to full expansion, while still wholly or distally coiled; esp. in Polypodiophyta. |
pith |
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STRUCTURE |
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The central ground tissue of a stem or, when present, of a root, consisting of thin-walled parenchyma cells; distinct and more or less soft and spongy relative to the other tissues of the axis; sometimes partly or wholly degenerating after secondary growth has begun. |
torus 2 pl. tori |
= receptacle |
STRUCTURE |
|
The short, expanded, compound axial structure surmounting a peduncle and basal to two or more flowers, or to the florets of a capitulum (head) in Asteraceae (Compositae), where it may bear paleae (receptacular bracts), scales, bristles, trichomes, or subulate enations, and may be smooth or variously pitted (alveolate, foveolate). |
embryo sac |
< megagametophyte |
STRUCTURE |
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The multinucleate generative cell of an ovule, within which fertilization and zygote formation occur; resulting from meiotic division of a megaspore mother cell within the nucellus, and thus genetically haploid; its contents generally considered to represent an evolutionarily reduced gametophyte. |
branch |
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STRUCTURE |
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Any higher-order division of or outgrowth from an axis, vein or veinlet when such division or outgrowth is equivalent in nature to the structure of origin. |
neck (floral tube) |
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STRUCTURE |
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The solid, usually constricted portion of a floral tube sometimes present between casing and collar when those are both present. |
petiole |
< stalk, stipe (broad sense, not recommended) |
STRUCTURE |
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The stalk, when present, of a leaf. |
thallus 1 pl. thalli |
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STRUCTURE |
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The vegetative portion of a shoot when not differentiated into stem and leaves; esp. in Lemnaceae. |
operculum pl. opercula |
= lid |
STRUCTURE |
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A distal, cover-like portion of a structure whose main body is otherwise closed, transversely discontinuous with the main body around most of the circumference, or becoming partially or wholly separate by transverse dehiscence; as of an ascidium (pitcher), pollen grain, pyxis, or sporangium (spore case). |
twig |
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STRUCTURE |
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The terminal portion of an ultimate branch of a woody stem, representing the most recent increment of growth and bearing or having borne the current or most recent increment of leaves. See also branchlet. |
seta 1 pl. setae |
= arista, awn, bristle |
STRUCTURE |
|
A slender, more or less straight and stiff, fine-pointed, terminal or subterminal appendage or prolongation, sometimes a continuation of the bearing structure's central primary vein, as on a glume, lemma, or palea in Poaceae (Gramineae). |
seta 2 pl. setae |
= bristle; > glochid, glochidium |
STRUCTURE |
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A trichome that is elongate, slender, more or less straight, terete, fine-pointed, and stiff. |
collar 1 |
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STRUCTURE |
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The free portion (if any) of a floral tube, distal to its casing and/or neck when one or both is/are present. |
beak 1 |
= rostrum |
STRUCTURE |
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A relatively long, tapering, more or less rigid and pointed enation or termination. |
cane |
< culm, stem |
STRUCTURE |
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A woody, aboveground culm. Use of this term or culm instead of stem is a matter of tradition and preference, not of descriptive precision or necessity. |