membranous |
= membranaceous |
texture |
|
Extremely thin, pliable, and fairly tough; like animal membrane. See also chartaceous (papery, papyraceous), pergamentaceous (parchment-like). |
crustaceous |
= crusty |
texture |
|
Thin, dry, hard, and brittle. |
fleshy-stemmed |
= sarcocaulous |
texture |
plant |
Having main stems that are fleshy (carnose, sarcous). |
indurate(d) |
= hard |
texture |
|
Yielding only under strong pressure; not deformable without internal structural disruption. See also callose (callous), corticate (hard-coated), sclerocaulous (hard-stemmed). |
farinaceous 1 |
= mealy; < crumbling, fatiscent |
texture |
|
Of minute, relatively stout trichomes that are collectively meal- or flour-like and easily detached. See also farinose. |
crusty |
= crustaceous |
texture |
|
Thin, dry, hard, and brittle. |
greasy 2 |
= oily, oleaginous, unctuous |
texture |
|
Liquid or deformably solid, cohesive, and slippery to the touch. |
parchment-like |
= pergamentaceous |
texture |
|
Very thin, pliable, and fairly tough; like parchment. See also chartaceous (papery, papyraceous), membranaceous (membranous). |
corneous |
= horny |
texture |
|
Hard, dense, fine-grained or compactly fibrous, and tough; resembling the substance of animal horn. |
callose |
= callous |
texture |
|
Hard-leathery; callose tissue usually is also thicker than comparable adjacent tissue. |
scarious |
|
texture |
|
Very thin, dry, and not green. |
succulent |
|
texture |
|
Herbaceous and juicy, often thickened (incrassate). |
suberous |
= corky |
texture |
|
Firm, relatively light, discontinuous but strongly cohesive, and resilient. |
flexible |
= pliable, pliant, supple |
texture |
|
Able to bend over its length and/or breadth without structural disruption. |
callous |
= callose |
texture |
|
Hard-leathery; callous tissue usually is also thicker than comparable adjacent tissue. |
palinactinodromous |
|
venation |
|
Compound actinodromous, with higher-order branch radiations above the level of and similar to the primary one. |
simple-craspedodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having a midvein that branches to either side along the length of the lamina, the secondary veins and their branches all running toward and terminating at the margin. |
brochidodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having a single median primary vein that branches to either side along its length, the secondary veins incurving strongly near but short of the margin, interconnecting serially, and forming a succession of marginal loops. |
semicraspedodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having a single median primary vein that branches to either side along the length of the lamina, each secondary vein running thence toward and bifurcate near the margin, one branch terminating at the margin, the other upwardly arcuate and merging with the superadjacent secondary vein, thus forming one of a series of marginal loops. |
single-veined |
= hyphodromous, one-veined |
venation |
|
Having one median, primary vein and no other venation externally evident. |
anadromous |
|
venation |
|
Having the first lateral vein in each pinna or primary segment of the frond arise from its midvein on the side toward the apex of the frond, the pinnule or secondary segment that it leads to often disproportionately larger than the next distal ones. |
campylodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having several primary and/or strongly developed secondary veins that diverge from a point or small area near the base of the blade and run thence ultimately toward the apex, recurving proximally, arcuate and converging distally, reaching the apex or not. |
reticulodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having a single median primary vein that branches to either side along the length of the lamina, the secondary veins running thence toward the margin, branching repeatedly, becoming less distinct, and yielding a dense higher-order reticulum near the margin. |
mixed-craspedodromous |
|
venation |
|
Having a midvein that branches to either side along the length of the lamina, the secondary veins running thence toward the margin, some becoming indistinct before reaching it, others terminating there. |
hyphodromous |
= one-veined, single-veined |
venation |
|
Having one median, primary vein and no other venation externally evident. |