climbing root |
< aerial root |
STRUCTURE |
|
An aerial, usually adventitious root that, by some means, serves to anchor a climbing shoot portion to the structure(s) that support(s) it above ground level. |
nerve |
= vein; > costa, midnerve , midrib, midvein, rib |
STRUCTURE |
|
A strand belonging to any except the ultimate (least in diameter) order of vasculature in a leaf or other foliaceous structure. See also lateral vein, primary vein, secondary vein, tertiary vein, veinlet. |
raised |
> prominent, prominulous |
prominence |
|
Protruding above the general level of the surrounding surface. |
primary axis |
> ray |
STRUCTURE |
|
A main or first-order axis within any specified, uniformly delimited structural context. |
…stichous |
= …ranked |
arrangement |
|
Disposed along the axis in the number of distinct ranks indicated by the prefix; as in distichous, polystichous, tristichous. |
brittle |
= friable |
texture |
|
Dry, firm and easily broken. |
spinose 1 |
|
apex |
|
Terminating in a rigid, tapering, sharp continuation of the central primary vein. See also spinulose. |
…angular 2 |
= …gonal |
plane shape |
|
Having distinct, flat or curved sides of the number indicated by the prefix; as in hexangular, triangular. See also …angled (…gonous), deltate. |
unilateral 2 |
= one-sided |
orientation |
|
Disposed or directed toward one side only. |
capitulescence |
|
architecture |
|
Mode or progressive pattern of bearing capitula (heads); most appropriately described using adjectival terms; esp. in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
barb 1 |
|
STRUCTURE |
|
Any relatively short, stiff, sharp, acutely inserted or bent, antrorse or retrorse, terminal or lateral appendage. |
mesocarp |
|
STRUCTURE |
|
The middle tissue layer of the pericarp of a fruit. |
tartar-like |
= tartareous |
relief |
|
Rough and crumbling spontaneously, becoming erose. |
male cone |
= microstrobilus |
STRUCTURE |
|
A cone (strobilus) whose fertile organs are all microsporophylls. |
pedicel |
< stalk |
STRUCTURE |
|
The stalk, when present, of a single flower, except when the flower is solitary and deemed to represent an evolutionarily reduced compound inflorescence borne directly upon a peduncle. |
distal |
> apical |
position |
|
Upon or associated with the portion of a structure farthest from its developmental origin. |
chewed |
= ruminate |
relief |
|
Irregularly convoluted, as if chewed. |
whorled |
= cyclic, seriate, verticillate |
arrangement |
|
Disposed along the axis in groups of three or more, the members of each group (cycle, series, verticil, whorl) inserted around the axis at the same level. |
full |
|
extent |
|
Reaching from the ovary wall or pericarp to the center of the ovary or fruit and from the apex to the base of its interior, thus separating adjacent locules completely. |
pungent 1 |
= acrid |
apex |
|
Terminating abruptly in a rigid, relatively short, sharp point composed of both vascular and laminar tissues. |
pollen |
|
STRUCTURE |
|
Collectively, the spores or grains produced within the thecae of anthers, each containing a very small microgametophyte (or its evolutionary homologue); serving as disseminules from which microgametes are released after transport to a receptive micropylar pollen droplet (in Pinophyta) or stigma (in Magnoliophyta) by a variety of vectors, notably wind, water, insects, bats, and birds. |
hyaline |
= pellucid; > translucent, transparent |
coloration |
|
Transmitting light uniformly. |
serrate |
= sawtoothed |
margin |
|
Having regularly spaced, angular convexities oriented at an acute angle to the generalized perimeter. See also crenate (scalloped), crenulate (small-scalloped), dentate (toothed), denticulate (small-toothed), serrulate (small-sawtoothed). |
blunt 1 |
= obtuse |
apex |
|
Bluntly angular; having an angular tip whose generalized sides intersect at an angle of 90° or more. |
partite |
? cleft, dissected, divided, lobate, lobed, parted, segmented |
plane shape |
|
Having two or more component sectors or peripheral protrusions that are delimited by concavities in the surface or margin and that are not proximally distinct from the remainder of the whole. The meanings of this term and its approximate synonyms sometimes have been supposed to differ according to the depth of the delimiting concavities relative to the midline or midpoint of the overall structure, and/or to the shape or proportions of the protrusions or sectors; however, there has been little consistency in the applications of the various terms according to such distinctions, which are ones only of degree and are necessarily arbitrary in any case. In general usage, these terms differ only indistinctly and connotatively: cleft, lobed (or lobate), parted (or partite) and segmented tend to connote fewer protrusions or sectors; lobate usually connotes as well a generally rounded shape; dissected tends to connote more numerous sectors that are elongate and angular. See also cut (incised, lacerate, torn), laciniate (slashed). |